諾貝爾文學獎得主,於千禧年為世人獻上《我的世紀》這本力作,運用他敏銳多感的敘說方式,鉅細靡遺地描繪 20世紀的時代流變,引領讀者回顧德國百年來的歷史軌跡。 本書中的每個故事都有不同的詮釋者,在這次新出版的圖文版《我的世紀》中,葛拉斯除了化身為...... more
----
"It's hard to imagine anyone better placed to recount the inside story of modern cosmology. . . . For anyone seriously interested in the ways of science and how we came to understand our place in the Universe, this is essential reading."
From Nobel Prize–winning physicist P. J. E. Peebles, the story of cosmology from Einstein to today, Cosmology's Century is now available in hardcover and ebook editions. https://bit.ly/2ZDwXHp
兩本文人的書的題記 (購置緣由幾行)、日記 (每本有幾段摘錄和感想)。 《周一良讀書題記》 北京:海豚出版社,2012 葛兆先,《且借紙遁:讀書日記選,1994-2011》,廣西師範大學,2014 這本書,我2020年7月8日才認真地翻讀,範圍很廣,他能讀日文著作。有很多地方值得參考。他花8~10天讀《胡適日記 全篇》,五則筆記看法可參考,pp.107112。第3則:"胡適研究禪宗一生。台灣學者江燦騰說他是抄了忽滑谷快天的著作,這是吹求過苛之說。.....pp.110~111 6 Books Bill Gates Recommended for TED 2015 The business magnate shares the best business book he's ever read
Bill Gates, long an avid reader, attended the TED conference again this year and continued his tradition of recommending books to fellow attendees.
1. Business Adventures, by John Brooks Warren Buffett recommended this book to me back in 1991, and it’s still the best business book I’ve ever read. Even though Brooks wrote more than four decades ago, he offers sharp insights into timeless fundamentals of business, like the challenge of building a large organization, hiring people with the right skills, and listening to customers’ feedback. (Here’s a free download of one of my favorite chapters, “Xerox Xerox Xerox Xerox.”) 2. The Bully Pulpit, by Doris Kearns Goodwin Historian Doris Kearns Goodwin studies the lives of America’s 26th and 27th presidents to examine a question that fascinates me: How does social change happen? Can it be driven solely by an inspirational leader, or do other factors have to lay the groundwork first? In Roosevelt’s case, it was the latter. Roosevelt’s famous soft speaking and big stick were not effective in driving progressive reforms until journalists at McClure’s and other publications rallied public support. 3. On Immunity, by Eula Biss The eloquent essayist Eula Biss uses the tools of literary analysis, philosophy, and science to examine the speedy, inaccurate rumors about childhood vaccines that have proliferated among well-meaning American parents. Biss took up this topic not for academic reasons but because of her new role as a mom. This beautifully written book would be a great gift for any new parent. 4. Making the Modern World, by Vaclav Smil The historian Vaclav Smil is probably my favorite living author, and I read everything he writes. In this book, Smil examines the materials we use to meet the demands of modern life, like cement, iron, aluminum, plastic, and paper. The book is full of staggering statistics. For example, China used more cement in just three years than the U.S. used in the entire 20th century! Above all, I love to read Smil because he resists hype. He’s an original thinker who never gives simple answers to complex questions. 5. How Asia Works, by Joe Studwell Business journalist Joe Studwell produces compelling answers to two of the greatest questions in development economics: How did countries like Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, and China achieve sustained, high growth? And why have so few other countries managed to do so? His conclusion: All the countries that become development success stories (1) create conditions for small farmers to thrive, (2) use the proceeds from agricultural surpluses to build a manufacturing base that is tooled from the start to produce exports, and (3) nurture both these sectors with financial institutions closely controlled by the government. 6. How to Lie with Statistics, by Darrell Huff I picked this one up after seeing it on a Wall Street Journal list of good books for investors. It was first published in 1954, but it doesn’t feel dated (aside from a few anachronistic examples—it has been a long time since bread cost 5 cents a loaf in the United States). In fact, I’d say it’s more relevant than ever. One chapter shows you how visuals can be used to exaggerate trends and give distorted comparisons. It’s a timely reminder, given how often infographics show up in your Facebook and Twitter feeds these days. A great introduction to the use of statistics, and a great refresher for anyone who’s already well versed in it.
Happy 89th birthday to Alice Munro - the master of the contemporary short story.
Munro is renowned for her finely tuned storytelling, characterised by clarity and psychological realism. Her stories are often set in small town environments, where people's struggle for a decent life often result in difficult relationships and moral conflicts.
To cite this section MLA style: Alice Munro – Biographical. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Media AB 2020. Sun. 12 Jul 2020.
Most of the stories collected in Dear Life had previously been published elsewhere. Amundsen, Corrie, Dear Life, Gravel, Haven, and Leaving Maverly were all originally published in The New Yorker. Dolly was first published in Tin House.
Kate Kellaway in The Guardian describes these stories as "concise, subtle and masterly" noting that they have a "subtle, unshowy, covert brilliance".[2]
Ruth Scurr, writing in The Telegraph, points to the autobiographical aspect of the collection and declares the collection to be "a subversive challenge to the idea of autobiography: a purposeful melding of fact fiction and feeling".[3] The reviewer goes on to suggest the collection might be Munro's last, but if so would be a "spectacular" finale.
Your new collection of stories, “Dear Life,” which came out this month, includes several narratives in which women in some way shake off the weight of their upbringing and do something unconventional—and are then, perhaps, punished for it, by men who betray them or abandon them at their most vulnerable. It happens in “Leaving Maverley,” “Amundsen,” “Corrie,” “Train,” and other stories. Even the aunt in “Haven” pays a price for a seemingly minor rebellion against her husband’s dictatorship. Does that trajectory seem inevitable to you—at least in fiction?
In “Amundsen,” the girl has her first experience with a helplessly selfish man—that’s the type that interests her. A prize worth getting, always, though she ends up somewhat more realistic, stores him away in fantasy. That’s how I see it.
In “Leaving Maverley,” a fair number of people are after love or sex or something. The invalid and her husband seem to me to get it, while, all around, various people miss the boat for various reasons. I do admire the girl who got out, and I rather hope that she and the man whose wife is dead can get together in some kind of way.
In “Haven,” there’s a very obvious “ideal wife,” almost a caricature, urged by women’s magazines when I was young. At the end, she lets herself be tired of it. —God knows what will come of that.
“Train” is quite different. It’s all about the man who is confident and satisfied as long as no sex gets in the way. I think a rowdy woman tormented him when he was young. I don’t think he can help it—he’s got to run.
In your stories, there is often a stigma attached to any girl who attracts attention to herself—individualism, for women, is seen as a shameful impulse. Did it take a great effort to break through that in your own life, and put yourself forward as a writer? Was it normal for girls from rural Ontario to go to university when you did?
I was brought up to believe that the worst thing you could do was “call attention to yourself,” or “think you were smart.” My mother was an exception to this rule and was punished by the early onset of Parkinson’s disease. (The rule was for country people, like us, not so much for towners.) I tried to lead an acceptable life and a private life and got by most of the time O.K. No girls I knew went to college and very few boys. I had a scholarship for two years only, but by that time I had picked up a boy who wanted to marry me and take me to the West Coast. Now I could write all the time. (That was what I’d intended since I was at home. We were poor but had books around always.)
You’ve written so much about young women who feel trapped in marriage and motherhood and cast around for something more to life. You also married very young and had two daughters by the time you were in your mid-twenties. How difficult was it to balance your obligations as a wife and a mother and your ambitions as a writer?
It wasn’t the housework or the children that dragged me down. I’d done housework all my life. It was the sort of open rule that women who tried to do anything so weird as writing were unseemly and possibly neglectful. I did, however, find friends—other women who joked and read covertly and we had a very good time.
The trouble was the writing itself, which was often NO GOOD. I was going through an apprenticeship I hadn’t expected. Luck had it that there was a big cry at the time about WHERE IS OUR CANADIAN LITERATURE? So some people in Toronto noticed my uneasy offerings and helped me along.
“Dear Life” includes four pieces that you describe as “not quite stories … autobiographical in feeling, thought not, sometimes, entirely so in fact.” (One of them, the title piece, “Dear Life,” ran in The New Yorker as a memoir, not a story.) These pieces seem almost dreamlike—fragmentary, flashes of half-remembered, half-understood moments from your childhood. Are they based on diaries you kept at the time?
I have never kept diaries. I just remember a lot and am more self-centered than most people.
Your mother plays a role in all four pieces. You said in a 1994 interview in The Paris Review that your mother was the central material in your life. Is that still true?
My mother, I suppose, is still a main figure in my life because her life was so sad and unfair and she so brave, but also because she was determined to make me into the Sunday-school-recitation little girl I was, from the age of seven or so, fighting not to be.
I was surprised to see you characterize this section of the book as the “first and last” thing you had to say about your own life. It seems that many of your stories have used elements of your childhood and of your parents’ lives. Your 2006 collection, “The View from Castle Rock,” was based on your own family history, wasn’t it?
I have used bits and pieces of my own life always, but the last things in the new book were all simple truth. As was—I should have said this—“The View fromCastle Rock,” the story of my family, as much as I could tell.
You discovered, when researching that book, that there had been a writer in every generation of your family. Did you have a sense of that legacy when you were becoming a writer yourself, or did you see your aspirations as sui generis?
It was a surprise that there were so many writers lurking around in the family. Scots people, however poor, were taught to read. Rich or poor, men or women. But oddly I had no sense of that, growing up. There was always a hounding to master the arts of knitting and darning (from my aunts and grandparents, not my mother). Once I shocked them mightily by saying that I would THROW THINGS OUT when I grew up. And I have.
When you were writing in the early days, were there other writers you consciously modelled your work on, writers you cherished?
The writer I adored was Eudora Welty. I still do. I would never try to copy her—she’s too good and too much herself. Her supreme book, I think, is “The Golden Apples.”
How did you settle on the short-story form—or did it settle on you?
For years and years I thought that stories were just practice, till I got time to write a novel. Then I found that they were all I could do, and so I faced that. I suppose that my trying to get so much into stories has been a compensation.
Often when I’m editing a story of yours I’ll try to cut something that seems completely extraneous on page 3, and then when I get to page 24 I suddenly realize how essential that passage was. The stories read as though you had written them in one long breath, but I’m betting that you spend a lot of time thinking about how and where to reveal what.
I do a lot of fooling around with stories, putting things here and there. It’s conscious in that I suddenly think, Oh, that’s all wrong.
Do you find writing difficult, as a rule? Has it got any easier over time?
I do and don’t find writing difficult. Nice bang away at the first draft, then agonizing fix-up, then re-insertions, etc.
A couple of times in the past decade or so you’ve said that you were going to give up writing. Then suddenly new stories have arrived on my desk. What happens when you try to stop?
I do stop—for some strange notion of being “more normal,” taking things easy. Then some poking idea comes. This time, I think it’s for real. I’m eighty-one, losing names or words in a commonplace way, so…
Though each of the stories in “Dear Life” has an openness—even a forgiving quality—the pile-up of regret and disorientation in your characters’ lives adds up to a slightly bitter conclusion. Few of these stories of women’s lives end without loss or sadness. I’m sure this is an irritating question, but do you consider yourself a feminist writer?
I never think about being a feminist writer, but of course I wouldn’t know. I don’t see things all put together in that way. I do think it’s plenty hard to be a man. Think if I’d had to support a family, in those early years of failure?
Is there a story in “Dear Life” that you have particular affection for? One that gave you more trouble than the others?
I’m partial to “Amundsen”—it gave me so much trouble. And my favorite scene is in “Pride,” the one where the little baby skunks walk across the grass. Actually, I like them all pretty much, though I know I’m not supposed to say so.
我猜20世紀初,漢字圈的人就輸入法國等的"圖畫詩"。E. E. CUMMINGS做了不少實驗...... 我看過好幾種漢字圖畫詩的實驗,如此而已。
Susan Cheever was born in New York City on this day in 1943.
"Although in the 1950s and ’60s Cummings was one of the most popular poets in America, he sometimes didn’t make enough money to pay the rent on the ramshackle apartment in Greenwich Village on Patchin Place where he lived with the incandescently beautiful model Marion Morehouse. This bothered Cummings not at all. He was delighted by almost everything in life except for the institutions and formal rules that he believed sought to deaden feelings. “Guilt is the cause of more disauders / than history’s most obscene marorders,” Cummings wrote."—from E.E CUMMINGS: A Life (2015) by Susan Cheever E. E. CUMMINGS的作品,幾乎無法翻譯?
"During the last years of his life E. E. Cummings made a modest living on the high-school lecture circuit. In the winter of 1960 his schedule brought him to read his adventurous poems at an uptight girls’ school in Westchester where I was a miserable seventeen-year-old junior with failing grades."
--from E. E. CUMMINGS: A LIFE
Cummings, in his radical experimentation with form, punctuation, spelling, and syntax, created a new kind of poetic expression. Because of his powerful work, he became a generation’s beloved heretic—at the time of his death he was one of the most widely read poets in the United States. Now, in this rich, illuminating biography, Susan Cheever traces the development of the poet and his work. She takes us from Cummings’s seemingly idyllic childhood in Cambridge, Massachusetts, through his years at Harvard (rooming with Dos Passos, befriending Malcolm Cowley and Lincoln Kirstein). There, he devoured the poetry of Ezra Pound, whose radical verses lured the young writer away from the politeness of the traditional nature poem towards a more adventurous, sexually conscious form. We follow Cummings to Paris in 1917, and, finally, to Greenwich Village to be among other modernist poets of the day—Marianne Moore and Hart Crane, among them. E. E. Cummings is a revelation of the man and the poet, and a brilliant reassessment of the freighted path of his legacy. READ an excerpt here: http://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/…/e-e-cummings-by-susan-…/
Cummings, in his radical experimentation with form, punctuation, spelling, and syntax, created a new kind of poetic expression. Because of his powerful work, he became a generation’s beloved heretic—at the time of his death he was one of the most widely read poets in the United States.
Now, in this rich, illuminating biography, Susan Cheever traces the development of the poet and his work. She takes us from Cummings’s seemingly idyllic childhood in Cambridge, Massachusetts, through his years at Harvard (rooming with Dos Passos, befriending Malcolm Cowley and Lincoln Kirstein). There, he devoured the poetry of Ezra Pound, whose radical verses lured the young writer away from the politeness of the traditional nature poem towards a more adventurous, sexually conscious form. We follow Cummings to Paris in 1917, and, finally, to Greenwich Village to be among other modernist poets of the day—Marianne Moore and Hart Crane, among them. E. E. Cummings is a revelation of the man and the poet, and a brilliant reassessment of the freighted path of his legacy.
由於之前讀過此叢書另外一本譯本,覺得不敢領教,所以沒買此書:《E. E. 卡明斯:詩人的一生》,然而,這本書寫得很好,包括寫最後伴侶Marion Morehouse的懺悔及後半輩;他女兒的『我愛上你』........。
“Taxis toot whirl people moving” by E. E. Cummings included in POEMS OF NEW YORK
taxis toot whirl people moving perhaps laugh into the slowly millions and finally O it is spring since at all windows microscopic birds sing fiercely two ragged men and a filthiest woman busily are mending three wholly broken somehow bowls or somethings by the web curb and carefully spring is somehow skilfully everywhere mending smashed minds O the massacred gigantic world again, into keen sunlight who lifts glittering selfish new limbs and my heart stirs in his rags shaking from his armpits the abundant lice of dreams laughing rising sweetly out of the alive new mud my old man heart striding shouts whimpers screams breathing into his folded belly acres of sticky sunlight chatters bellows swallowing globs of big life pricks wickedly his mangled ears blinks into worlds of color shrieking O begins the mutilated huge earth again, up through darkness leaping who sprints weirdly from its deep prison groaning with perception and suddenly in all filthy alert things which jumps mightily out of death muscular, stinking, erect, entirely born.
*
E.E. Cummings reads Anyone Lived in a Pretty How Town
E.E. Cummings reads his poem Anyone Lived in a Pretty How Town
/This FULCRUM page is for true lovers of poetry and literature./
末節姊姊Rose結婚時Magi 念這首
[i carry your heart with me(i carry it in] By E. E. Cummings
i carry your heart with me(i carry it in my heart)i am never without it(anywhere i go you go,my dear;and whatever is done by only me is your doing,my darling) i fear no fate(for you are my fate,my sweet)i want no world(for beautiful you are my world,my true) and it’s you are whatever a moon has always meant and whatever a sun will always sing is you
here is the deepest secret nobody knows (here is the root of the root and the bud of the bud and the sky of the sky of a tree called life;which grows higher than soul can hope or mind can hide) and this is the wonder that's keeping the stars apart
i carry your heart(i carry it in my heart)
聽聽妙人錄音 多妙. 即使翻譯 也很可讀. 中華民國最有點研究e e cummings 的人是葉公超先生---參考朱自清日記.... E.E. Cummings, i: six nonlectures, 1952-53.
The author begins his "nonlectures" with the warning "I haven't the remotest intention of posing as a lecturer." Then, at intervals, he proceeds to deliver the following: 1. i & my parents 2. i & their son 3. i & self discovery 關於"濟慈"的資料 英文相當完備 幾乎可以論月-日追蹤John Keats的發展 --哈佛大學出的Keats傳最值得參考:
Since most of Keats's early poetry has survived, his artistic development can be observed more closely than is possible with most writers; and there are times ...
E.E. Cummings,Norton Lectures 1952-53, i: six nonlectures, Harvard University Press, 1981,至少提2次Keats. 第3講說他在哈佛大學讀書時 收到的印象最深刻的禮物是: Keats的詩信合集
於世間一切中我唯明了愛之神聖與幻想之真
讓他沉浸於那些精神的高空---一隻未知和不可知的鳥兒開始歌唱....... 4. i & you & is 5. i & now & him 6. i & am & santa claus These talks contain selections from the poetry of Wordsworth, Donne, Shakespeare, Dante, and others, including e.e. cummings. Together, it forms a good introduction to the work of e.e. cummings. 錄音
Despite Cummings' consanguinity with avant-garde styles, much of his work is quite traditional. Many of his poems are sonnets, albeit often with a modern twist, and he occasionally made use of the blues form and acrostics. Cummings' poetry often deals with themes of love and nature, as well as the relationship of the individual to the masses and to the world. His poems are also often rife with satire. While his poetic forms and themes share an affinity with the romantic tradition, Cummings' work universally shows a particular idiosyncrasy of syntax, or way of arranging individual words into larger phrases and sentences. Many of his most striking poems do not involve any typographical or punctuation innovations at all, but purely syntactic ones. As well as being influenced by notable modernists including Gertrude Stein and Ezra Pound, Cummings' early work drew upon the imagist experiments of Amy Lowell. Later, his visits to Paris exposed him to Dada and surrealism, which in turn permeated his work. Cummings also liked to incorporate imagery of nature and death into much of his poetry. While some of his poetry is free verse (with no concern for rhyme or meter), many have a recognizable sonnet structure of 14 lines, with an intricate rhyme scheme. A number of his poems feature a typographically exuberant style, with words, parts of words, or punctuation symbols scattered across the page, often making little sense until read aloud, at which point the meaning and emotion become clear. Cummings, who was also a painter, understood the importance of presentation, and used typography to "paint a picture" with some of his poems.[13] The seeds of Cummings' unconventional style appear well established even in his earliest work. At age six, he wrote to his father:[citation needed]
FATHER DEAR. BE, YOUR FATHER-GOOD AND GOOD, HE IS GOOD NOW, IT IS NOT GOOD TO SEE IT RAIN, FATHER DEAR IS, IT, DEAR, NO FATHER DEAR, LOVE, YOU DEAR, ESTLIN.
Following his novel The Enormous Room, Cummings' first published work was a collection of poems entitled Tulips and Chimneys (1923). This work was the public's first encounter with his characteristic eccentric use of grammar and punctuation.
Some of Cummings' most famous poems do not involve much, if any, odd typography or punctuation, but still carry his unmistakable style, particularly in unusual and impressionistic word order. For example, "anyone lived in a pretty how town" begins:
anyone lived in a pretty how town (with up so floating many bells down) spring summer autumn winter he sang his didn't he danced his did
Women and men (both little and small) cared for anyone not at all they sowed their isn't they reaped their same sun moon stars rain
why must itself up every of a park anus stick some quote statue unquote to prove that a hero equals any jerk who was afraid to dare to answer "no"?
Cummings' unusual style can be seen in his poem "Buffalo Bill's/ defunct" from the January 1920 issue of The Dial.
Readers sometimes experience a jarring, incomprehensible effect with Cummings' work, as the poems do not act in accordance with the conventional combinatorial rules that generate typical English sentences (for example, "why must itself..." or "they sowed their isn't..."). His readings of Stein in the early part of the century probably served as a springboard to this aspect of his artistic development (in the same way that Robert Walser's work acted as a springboard for Franz Kafka). In some respects, Cummings' work is more stylistically continuous with Stein's than with any other poet or writer.
In addition, a number of Cummings' poems feature, in part or in whole, intentional misspellings, and several incorporate phonetic spellings intended to represent particular dialects. Cummings also made use of inventive formations of compound words, as in "in Just"[14] which features words such as "mud-luscious", "puddle-wonderful", and "eddieandbill." This poem is part of a sequence of poems entitled Chansons Innocentes; it has many references comparing the "balloonman" to Pan, the mythical creature that is half-goat and half-man.
Many of Cummings' poems are satirical and address social issues (see "why must itself up every of a park", above), but have an equal or even stronger bias toward romanticism: time and again his poems celebrate love, sex, and the season of rebirth (see "anyone lived in a pretty how town" in its entirety). Cummings' talent extended to children's books, novels, and painting. A notable example of his versatility is an introduction he wrote for a collection of the comic stripKrazy Kat. Examples of Cummings' unorthodox typographical style can be seen in his poem "The sky was candy luminous".[15]
Mr. Cummings’s eccentric punctuation is, also, I believe, a symptom of his immaturity as an artist. It is not merely a question of an unconventional usage: unconventional punctuation may very well gain its effect…the really serious case against Mr. Cummings’s punctuation is that the results which it yields are ugly. His poems on the page are hideous.[16]
— Edmund Wilson, from an essay entitled, Wallace Stevens and E.E. Cummings (1924)
Biography of e.e. cummings
e.e. cummings (1894 - 1962)
Cummings was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, to liberal, indulgent parents who from early on encouraged him to develop his creative gifts. While at Harvard, where his father had taught before becoming a Unitarian minister, he delivered a daring commencement address on modernist artistic innovations, thus announcing the direction his own work would take. In 1917, after working briefly for a mail-order publishing company, the only regular employment in his career, Cummings volunteered to serve in the Norton-Harjes Ambulance group in France. Here he and a friend were imprisoned (on false grounds) for three months in a French detention camp. The Enormous Room (1922), his witty and absorbing account of the experience, was also the first of his literary attacks on authoritarianism. Eimi (1933), a later travel journal, focused with much less successful results on the collectivized Soviet Union. At the end of the First World War Cummings went to Paris to study art. On his return to New York in 1924 he found himself a celebrity, both for The Enormous Room and for Tulips and Chimneys (1923), his first collection of poetry (for which his old classmate John Dos Passos had finally found a publisher). Clearly influenced by Gertrude Stein's syntactical and Amy Lowell's imagistic experiments, Cummings's early poems had nevertheless discovered an original way of describing the chaotic immediacy of sensuous experience. The games they play with language (adverbs functioning as nouns, for instance) and lyric form combine with their deliberately simplistic view of the world (the individual and spontaneity versus collectivism and rational thought) to give them the gleeful and precocious tone which became, a hallmark of his work. Love poems, satirical squibs, and descriptive nature poems would always be his favoured forms. A roving assignment from Vanity Fair in 1926 allowed Cummings to travel again and to establish his lifelong routine: painting in the afternoons and writing at night. In 1931 he published a collection of drawings and paintings, CIOPW (its title an acronym for the materials used: charcoal, ink, oil, pencil, watercolour), and over the next three decades had many individual shows in New York. He enjoyed a long and happy third marriage to the photographer Marion Morehouse, with whom he collaborated on Adventures in Value (1962), and in later life divided his time between their apartment in New York and his family's farm in New Hampshire. His many later books of poetry, from VV (1931) and No Thanks (1935) to Xaipe (1950) and 95 Poems (1958), took his formal experiments and his war on the scientific attitude to new extremes, but showed little substantial development. Cummings's critical reputation has never matched his popularity. The left-wing critics of the 1930s were only the first to dismiss his work as sentimental and politically naïve. His supporters, however, find value not only in its verbal and visual inventiveness but also in its mystical and anarchistic beliefs. The two-volume Complete Poems, ed. George James Firmage (New York and London, 1981) is the standard edition of his poetry, and Dreams in a Mirror, by Richard S. Kennedy (New York, 1980) the standard biography. e. e. cummings: The Art of His Poetry, by Norman Friedman (Baltimore and London, 1960) is still among the best critical studies of his poetic techniques.
Buffalo Bill ’s defunct who used to ride a watersmooth-silver stallion and break onetwothreefourfive pigeonsjustlikethat Jesus
he was a handsome man and what i want to know is how do you like your blue-eyed boy Mister Death
----
Please join us in wishing Susan Cheever a happy birthday today. She was born in New York City on this day in 1943.
"Cummings's (book) sales are a barometer of the national mood. In confident times his poems are beloved. Their questioning, their humor, and their rule-breaking formalism seem to gibe with a democracy ready to ask hard questions and make fun of itself. In precarious times, readers seem to want an older, more assured poet, someone who speaks with authority rather than scoffs at it." --from E. E. CUMMINGS: A Life
Cummings, in his radical experimentation with form, punctuation, spelling, and syntax, created a new kind of poetic expression. Because of his powerful work, he became a generation’s beloved heretic—at the time of his death he was one of the most widely read poets in the United States. Now, in this rich, illuminating biography, Susan Cheever traces the development of the poet and his work. She takes us from Cummings’s seemingly idyllic childhood in Cambridge, Massachusetts, through his years at Harvard (rooming with Dos Passos, befriending Malcolm Cowley and Lincoln Kirstein). There, he devoured the poetry of Ezra Pound, whose radical verses lured the young writer away from the politeness of the traditional nature poem towards a more adventurous, sexually conscious form. We follow Cummings to Paris in 1917, and, finally, to Greenwich Village to be among other modernist poets of the day—Marianne Moore and Hart Crane, among them. E. E. Cummings is a revelation of the man and the poet, and a brilliant reassessment of the freighted path of his legacy. READ an excerpt here:http://knopfdoubleday.com/book/212479/e-e-cummings/
Romanesques is a twice yearly review which aims to explore the notion of the romanesque in questions about fiction, reading, literary history and genre theory.
It then proceeds to transfer to literature the art-historical system of periodi- zation by successive styles. Thus we get literary Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, etc., down to Im- and Expressionism. Then, by the process of ...
The three authors considered in this study are exemplary of the diverse understandings of the developments of 20th-century literature, and the ways in which these understandings influence decisions pertaining to literary kinship and filiation. Jean Echenoz riffs on the standards of conventional genre fiction, at once sabotaging and renewing its clichés. Jean Rouaud polemically refuses what he sees as a tradition of experimental fiction, and returns to the romanesque as a literature of slow contemplation and strong axiological positions. Antoine Volodine constructs violent alternate realities, as well as an entire fictional community, in an attempt to sever his literary works from any relation to literary past, present, or future. This dissertation finally argues that these writing projects all point to the need for a theoretical paradigm which would reconcile critical and naive, reflective and immersive reading practices.
緩慢的沉思、價值觀立場 axiological position ejje.weblio.jp › content › axiological axiologicalの意味や使い方 【形容詞】1価値の研究の、または、それに関して(of or relating to the study of values) - 約1158万語ある英和辞典・和英辞典。発音・イディオムも分かる英語辞書。
正耐著性子,一步一步往前推進,忽然一抬頭看見一列日光光雪亮的平房高高在上,像個泥金畫卷,不過是白金,孤懸在黑暗中。因為是開間很小的店面房子,不是樓房。對街又沒有房舍,就像「清明上河圖」,更有疑幻疑真的驚喜。貨比三家不吃虧,我這家走到那家,櫃檯後少年老成的青年店員穿著少見的長袍──不知道是否為了招徠遊客──袖著手笑嘻嘻的,在他們這不設防城市裡,好像還是北宋的太平盛世。除了玻璃櫃裡的金飾,一望而知不是古中國。貨品家家都一樣,也許是我的幻覺,連店員也都一模一樣。我買了兩隻小福字頸飾串在細金鍊條上。歸途還是在黑暗中,不知道怎麼彷彿安全了點。其實他們那不設防城市的默契──如果有的話──也不會延展到百步外。剛才來的時候沒遇見,還是隨時可以冒出個人影來。但是到底稍微放心了點,而且眼睛比較習慣了黑暗。這才看到攔街有一道木柵門,不過大敞著,只見兩旁靠邊丈來高的卅字架。大概門雖設而長開。傳說賈寶玉淪為看街兵,不就是打更看守街門?更鼓宵禁的時代的遺跡,怎麼鹿港以外竟還有?從前買布的時候怎麼沒看見?那就還是不是這條街,真想不到,臨走還有這新發現。當然,也許是古□,不是古蹟。但是怎麼會保留到現在,尤其是這全島大拆建的時候?香港就是這樣,沒準。忽然空中飄來一縷屎臭,在黑暗中特別濃烈。不是倒馬桶,沒有刷馬桶的聲音。晚上也不是倒馬桶的時候。也不是有人在街上大便,露天較空曠,不會這樣熱呼呼的。那難道是店面樓上住家的一掀開馬桶蓋,就有這麼臭?而且還是馬可孛羅的世界,色香味俱全。我覺得是香港的臨去秋波,帶點安撫的意味,若在我憶舊的份上。在黑暗中我的嘴唇旁動著微笑起來,但是我畢竟笑不出來,因為疑心是跟它訣別了。發掘〈重訪邊城〉的過程 宋以朗/文 〈重訪邊城〉是怎麼樣發掘出來的?這件事是我經手的。首先,我要介紹自已。我的名字是宋以朗,我是宋淇〈林以亮〉和鄺文美的兒子。根據我家里人說,我父母與張愛玲早在五○年代結交好友。當時我年紀太小,所以我沒有任何回憶。在一九六一年秋天,張愛玲先訪台灣,再到香港。在香港期間,有幾個星期,張愛玲是住在我們家裡的,我記憶中的張愛玲,是一個高高的貴雅的上海女士。一九六八年,我放洋讀書,其後定居美國東岸,從此沒再見過張愛玲。一九九五年,張愛玲過世,我父母告訴我,張愛玲留了遺囑,將所有財產贈予他倆。當時我也沒有多想;一九九六年,我父親過世。二○○二年十二月,我母親中風。二○○三年一月,我返回香港長期照顧母親。回香港後,我發現家裡面有一箱箱的張愛玲資料,包括書信、文稿、日常觀察、語錄、簽語、證件等等。但那些資料沒有經過整理,所以我也不大明了內容情況。二○○七年,李安的電影「色,戒」上映,我這才重新閱讀家裡的張愛玲資料,找出有關〈色,戒〉的部份,並提供給媒體發表,我也因此逐漸明了張愛玲資料的大致狀況。這期間,香港大學要求提供有關「張愛玲,〈色,戒〉與香港大學」的資料,當時我從一堆三十四頁非常混亂的資料中,才找出一頁描述香港大學校園的資料。二○○七年十一月,母親逝世,我開始正式細心整理張愛玲的資料。當我重新閱讀那份三十四頁稿子的時候,我發現它其實是一篇完整的遊記──〈重訪邊城〉。文中作者提到坐飛機剛到台灣,有一個穿西裝的人問她:「你是李察.尼克遜太太?」我想起在張愛玲資料中看過英文版:〈You are Mrs. Richard Nixon? 〉原來那篇英文遊記是在一九六三年三月二十八日於美國雜誌《The Reporter》刊出的〈A Return To The Frontier〉。我小心比較〈A Return To The Frontier〉與〈重訪邊城〉,發現後者不是從英文版直接翻譯的,因為它新加了很多文字。 〈A Return To The Frontier〉在當時台灣的文學界,引起了極大的迴響,主要是因為張愛玲到台灣短期旅遊,她會見了王禎和,白先勇,王文興,陳若曦等人,一般反應對〈A Return To The Frontier〉不是甚佳,也許大家對「祖師奶奶」期望太高了,但僅僅一個星期的短期旅遊,不大可能啟發出什麼高知卓見,而且英文寫作也顯示不出張愛玲中文的真正功力。母親在去年過世後,我現在是張愛玲文學遺產的執行人,擔負著該不該讓〈重訪邊城〉出版的責任。第一個考慮的,應當是作者的意願。張愛玲的資料裡面,沒有提到過有關〈重訪邊城〉的事,所以我只能臆測:〈A Return To The Frontier〉在一九六三年刊出,而〈重訪邊城〉推斷是一九八二年以後才開始撰寫(因為文中引用一九八二年十一月《光華雜誌》中關於鹿港龍山寺的部份)。張愛玲也許知道了當年台灣讀者這方面對〈A Return To The Frontier〉的反應,耿耿於懷,以至二十年後再用中文還原原意,等於是回應當年台灣反應的一段情結。所以我是傾向出版。第二個考慮是文學價值。 〈重訪邊城〉的原稿有些混亂,可能因為還是初稿,未經修飾,不宜出版。我不是文學專家,所以我交給皇冠編輯,因為他們跟張愛玲合作四十多年,一定清楚「祖師奶奶」的標準。基於文學價值與歷史價值,他們對出版的態度是肯定的。這些就是〈重訪邊城〉公諸於世的原因。 (※按:《皇冠》二○○八年四月號。)
"Art defies defeat by its very existence, representing the celebration of life, in spite of all attempts to degrade and destroy it." Nadine Gordimer was a fearless anti-apartheid activist and a writer who kept the true face of racism right in front of us, in all its complexity. She was awarded the 1991 Nobel Prize in Literature. Watch our official interview with her: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1991/gordimer/interview/
游常山紐約時報墓誌銘破題前三段Nadine Gordimer, the South African writer whose literary ambitions led her into the heart of apartheid to create a body of fiction that brought her a Nobel Prize in 1991, died on Monday in Johannesburg. She was 90.
Her family announced her death in a statement.
Ms. Gordimer did not originally choose apartheid as her subject as a young writer, she said, but she found it impossible to dig deeply into South African life without striking repression. And once the Afrikaner nationalists came to power in 1948, the scaffolds of the apartheid system began to rise around her and could not be ignored.
“I am not a political person by nature,” Ms. Gordimer said years later. “I don’t suppose if I had lived elsewhere, my writing would have reflected politics much, if at all.”
Nadine Gordimer, Nobel laureate exposed toll of South Africa’s apartheid
By Stephanie HanesJuly 14 at 10:08 AM
Nadine Gordimer, the South African writer and Nobel laureate for literature whose intense, intimate prose helped expose apartheid to a global readership and who continued to illuminate the brutality and beauty of her country long after the demise of the racist government, died July 13 at her home in Johannesburg. She was 90.
Her family announced the death but did not disclose the cause.
Ms. Gordimer, who was white, was an early and active member of the African National Congress, but she did not craft political manifestos. Her role as an author, she said, was simply to “write in my own way as honestly as I can and go as deeply as I can into the life around me.”
Her characters with lofty ideals were often personally flawed; the racists and apolitical businessmen had the same depth and complexity as the freedom fighters.
“The Conservationist,” which won the Man Booker Prize in 1974, presents one of Ms. Gordimer’s most well-formed characters, a white industrialist who has purchased a large farm outside Johannesburg, in part to be a rendezvous spot for him and his married, politically radical mistress.
Another acclaimed novel, “Burger’s Daughter,” published in 1979, follows the personal and political struggles of Rosa Burger, the daughter of a charismatic Afrikaner doctor and anti-apartheid activist who died in prison. In a country defined by its political intensity, Rosa explores whether “the real definition of loneliness” is to “live without social responsibility.”
Ms. Gordimer’s 1981 novel “July’s People” tells the story of a liberal white family fleeing an imagined, violent revolution against apartheid and ending up in the village of — and beholden to — their former servant, July.
From her 1958 novel, “A World of Strangers,” which details the futile attempts by of a young English businessman to maintain ties among whites and blacks in South Africa, to the 2012 “No Time Like the Present,” which follows an interracial couple struggling to navigate their troubled post-apartheid society, Ms. Gordimer wrote unsparingly of race, identity and place, and of how repressive political systems etched themselves onto the lives and relationships of individuals.
Exploring secrets
“She makes visible the extremely complicated and utterly inhuman living conditions in the world of racial segregation,” Sture Allen, permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy, said while awarding Ms. Gordimer the Nobel Prize for literature in 1991. “In this way, artistry and morality fuse.”
Ms. Gordimer noted that “politics is character” in South Africa, said Stephen Clingman, an English professor at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst and an authority on the novelist’s work. “She knew that if you wanted to understand any character, black or white, you needed to understand the way politics entered into the very individual.”
The apartheid government, which imposed censorship laws capriciously, banned four of her novels — “A World of Strangers,” “The Late Bourgeois World,” “Burger’s Daughter” and “July’s People” — with various claims of subversiveness.
“This aesthetic venture of ours becomes subversive when the shameful secrets of our times are explored deeply, with the artist’s rebellious integrity to the state of being manifest in life around her or him,” Ms. Gordimer said in her Nobel lecture. “Then the writer’s themes and characters inevitably are formed by the pressures and distortions of that society as the life of the fisherman is determined by the power of the sea.”
Ms. Gordimer was co-founder of the majority-black Congress of South African Writers and counted as her closest friends such intellectuals as Edward Said and Susan Sontag. Although a loyal friend and mentor to those whom she deemed worthy of her attention, she was known for her impatience with those she found pedantic.
She scoffed at the cautious sensibilities of “liberal whites,” preferring to call herself a “radical,” and expressed frustration at the hand-wringing attention to the plight of whites in post-apartheid South Africa.
She refused to move to a gated community in Johannesburg — even after she was stripped of her wedding ring given by her late husband and locked in a storeroom during a home invasion and burglary in 2006.
After the incident, she acknowledged her city’s crime problem but also expressed sympathy toward the perpetrators.
“I think we must look at the reasons behind the crime,” she told the Guardian of London. “There are young people in poverty without opportunities. They need education, training and employment.”
Standing 5 feet 1 inch tall, Ms. Gordimer had what one observer described as “the carefully cultivated fierceness of the fragile.” Despite her tiny stature, she could still turn a piercing, intimidating eye on those who suggested her works were “about” some real life person or event. Her work was pure fiction, she insisted, although in her view that made the writing more “true” than nonfiction.
Stories, she said, gave clearer insight into policies and politics, and their lasting impact on human lives, than could any biographical or journalistic report.
“She allowed us to see things about the political world that the political world could not really describe,” Clingman said.
A South African from birth
Nadine Gordimer was born Nov. 20, 1923, outside of Johannesburg in the mining town of Springs, a place of “burned veld round mine-dumps and coal-mine slag hills,” she said.
“Not a romantic vision,” Ms. Gordimer said during a presentation to the University of Cape Town in 1977, titled “What Being a South African Means to Me.” “Not one that most Europeans would recognize as Africa. But Africa it is. Although I find it harsh and ugly, and Africa and her landscapes have come to mean many other things to me, it signifies to me a primary impact of being; all else that I have seen and know is built upon it.”
Her parents were Jewish immigrants — her mother from England, her father from Lithuania — but the family was secular and, Ms. Gordimer would say, excruciatingly middle class.
As a child she took dance lessons, attended a convent school and was warned that when she crossed the veld during her walk to school, she should steer clear of the compounds where black mineworkers lived.
When Ms. Gordimer was 11, she was diagnosed with what she later realized was a relatively minor heart ailment. Her mother — whom Ms. Gordimer described as energetic but bored in her “married off” life — withdrew her daughter from school, canceled the child’s beloved dance classes, hired a tutor and kept her “resting” for years.
“This mysterious ailment is something that I can talk about now,” Ms. Gordimer told the BBC magazine the Listener in 1976. “I realized after I grew up that it was something to do with my mother’s attitude towards me, that she fostered what was probably quite a simple passing thing and made a very long-term illness out of it, in order to keep me at home, to keep me with her.”
It was in this strange, forced seclusion — taken along on adult outings, spending afternoons reading with her mother — that Ms. Gordimer began to write. She published stories in the children’s section of a local newspaper; she wrote her first piece for an adult journal when she was 15.
Captivated by the idea of being a writer, Ms. Gordimer moved to Johannesburg. She attended university there for about a year but got more of an education delving into the electric, interracial arts scene of the famous Sophiatown township.
Anthony Sampson, editor of the black South African magazine Drum, became one of her closest and longest-lasting friends.
A second birth
There is a second birth that can occur for the South African, Ms. Gordimer said at her University of Cape Town talk, a coming into consciousness when one realizes that apartheid is not, in fact, the god-given order of the world.
She pointed to various moments that began to open her eyes to the depravity of apartheid society: the dehumanizing liquor raid of her black nanny’s small living quarters behind her parents’ home, during which her parents stood by silently; the realization that the black miners who patronized the shops run by men like her father were not allowed to touch items before they bought them; her growing friendships with black writers she saw as talented as herself, but far less able to pursue their craft.
Ms. Gordimer published her first short-story collection, “Face to Face,” in 1949, and she soon began contributing fiction to the New Yorker.
Her first novel, “The Lying Days,” was published in 1953 and follows Helen Shaw, the daughter of white, middle-class parents who live in a gold-mining town, as she begins to become aware of the black life around her.
“I think the first novel is usually some kind of revenge against your background,” she said at the time of her Nobel win. “And, you know, you’ve got to get it off your chest.”
Her first marriage, to Gerald Gavronsky, ended in divorce. In 1954, she wed Reinhold Cassirer, an art dealer who had been a refugee from Nazi Germany and was a nephew of the philosopher Ernst Cassirer.
Reinhold Cassirer died in 2001. Survivors include a daughter from her first marriage, Oriane; and son from her second marriage, Hugo.
Ms. Gordimer was a prolific, disciplined writer. While raising her family, she would shut herself in her office with her typewriter. Nobody was to disturb her unless, she said, to inform her that the house was burning down.
From that home office, Ms. Gordimer wrote more than a dozen novels, hundreds of short stories and essays, and collaborated on screenplays and edited collections of other works. She won a slew of literary awards.
As her country stumbled into the post-apartheid 2000s, she was asked whether democracy would “take the zip out of South African fiction.” She responded, “On the contrary. We’ve got plenty of problems.”
Those critics who suggested hers had been a privileged existence — that she was able to use as a muse the toils of her country from her leafy, white neighborhood without ever facing consequences — simply did not understand her job, she would say.
“The tension between standing apart and being fully involved,” she wrote in one of her introductions, “that is what makes a writer.”
Hanes is a freelance writer who covered South Africa for numerous U.S. publications.
In this deeply resonant book, Nadine Gordimer examines the tension for a writer between life’s experiences and narrative creations. She tries to unravel the mysterious process that breathes "real" life into fiction by exploring the writings of revolutionaries in South Africa and the works of Naguib Mahfouz, Chinua Achebe, and Amos Oz. Ending on a personal note, Gordimer reveals her own experience of "writing her way out of" the confines of a dying colonialism.
Nadine Gordimer: A life in quotes
The Nobel-prize-winning author and one of the literary world's most powerful voices against apartheid has died in Johannesburg. Here are some of her most memorable quotes on life, writing and Nelson Mandela - do add your favourites in the comment thread below
Gordimer at the Rome literature festival, in May 2006. Photograph: Tiziana Fabi/AFP/Getty Images
Censorship is never over for those who have experienced it. It is a brand on the imagination that affects the individual who has suffered it, forever.
There is no moral authority like that of sacrifice.
Writing is making sense of life. You work your whole life and perhaps you've made sense of one small area.
Nothing factual that I write or say will be as truthful as my fiction.
Your whole life you are really writing one book, which is an attempt to grasp the consciousness of your time and place – a single book written from different stages of your ability.
Time is change; we measure its passing by how much things alter.
Everyone ends up moving alone towards the self.
Power is something of which I am convinced there is no innocence this side of the womb.
The truth isn't always beauty, but the hunger for it is.
Books don't need batteries.
I cannot live with someone who can't live without me.
He is at the epicentre of our time, ours in South Africa, and yours, wherever you are.
Not a figure carved in stone but a tall man, of flesh and blood, whose suffering had made him not vengeful but still more human - even toward the people who had created the prison that was apartheid.
A love affair between Julie Summers, a wealthy South African woman, and an Arab illegal alien challenges both of their notions of race, class, and citizenship.
A staggering achievement, Telling Times reflects the true spirit of the writer as a literary beacon, moral activist, and political visionary. Few writers have been so much at the center of historic events as Nadine Gordimer. Telling Times, the first comprehensive collection of her nonfiction, bears insightful witness to the forces that have shaped the last half-century. It includes reports from Soweto during the 1976 uprising, Zimbabwe at the dawn of independence, and Africa at the start of the AIDS pandemic, as well as illuminating portraits of Nelson Mandela, Desmond Tutu, and many others. Committed first and foremost to art, Gordimer appraises the legacies of hallowed writers like Tolstoy, Proust, and Conrad, and engages vigorously with contemporaries like Achebe, Said, and Soyinka. No other writer has so consistently evoked the feel of Africa—its landscapes, cities, and people—through a remarkable range of travel writing, from Ghana and Cote d’Ivoire to Egypt and along the Congo River. With nearly one hundred pieces from six decades of work, Telling Times is an extraordinary summation from a writer whose enduring courage and commitment to human freedom has made her a moral compass of our time. 作者簡介 Nadine Gordimer won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1991. Her nonfiction has appeared in The New Yorker, the New York Times, and publications all over the world. She lives in Johannesburg.
*****
When her guests were awash with champagne and with gin, She was recklessly sober, as sharp as a pin. An abstemious man would reel at her look, As she rolled a bright eye and prais...
William Plomer (1903-1973), South African author, poet. "London Ballads and Poems," verse 7, Slightly Foxed, or The Widower of Bayswater, Collected Po...
Biography of William Plomer
William Charles Franklyn Plomer (he pronounced the surname as ploomer) (10 December 1903 – 21 September 1973) was a South African and British author, known as a novelist, poet and literary editor. He was educated mostly in the United Kingdom, but described himself as a Anglo-African-Asian.
He became famous in South Africa with his first novel, Turbott Wolfe, which had inter-racial love and marriage as a theme. He was co-founder of the short-lived literary magazine Voorslag ("Whiplash") with two other South African rebels, Roy Campbell and Laurens van der Post; it promoted a racially equal South Africa.
He spent the period from October 1926 to March 1929 in Japan, where he was friendly with Sherard Vines. There, according to biographers, he was in a same-sex relationship with a Japanese man. He was never openly gay during his lifetime; at most he alluded to the subject.
He then moved to England, and through his friendship with his publisher Virginia Woolf, entered the London literary circles. He became an important literary editor, for Faber and Faber, and was a reader and literary adviser to Jonathan Cape, where he edited a number of Ian Fleming's James Bond series. Fleming dedicated Goldfinger to Plomer. He was active as a librettist, with Gloriana, Curlew River, The Burning Fiery Furnace and The Prodigal Son for Benjamin Britten.
In a remote village in Epirus, a woman murders her husband, who had just returned from Germany, where he had gone to work, with the help of her lover. The crime is never shown on screen. The main characters (judge, policemen, journalists) try to reconstruct and understand a news item that escapes them.
The Harvard Gazette is the official news website for Harvard University. It covers campus life and times, University issues and policies, innovations in science, teaching, and learning, and broader national and global concerns. It also helps to distribute stories from University affiliates.
Tony Webster and his clique first met Adrian Finn at school. Sex-hungry and book-hungry, they navigated the girl drought of gawky adolescence together, trading in affectations, in-jokes, rumour and wit.
Now Tony is in middle age. He's had a career and a marriage, a calm divorce. Memory, though, is imperfect. It can always throw up surprises, as a lawyer's letter is about to prove. Read More ›
Bari Weiss, a high-profile editor and writer for the New York Times opinion section, resigned, citing what she said was unchecked bullying from colleagues and depicting the news organization as a place where the free exchange of ideas is no longer welcome.