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井原西鶴 Ihara Saikaku 『好色一代男』《好色一代女》

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井原西鶴 Ihara Saikaku 『好色一代男』北京:中國電影,2004
好色一代男日井原西鹤王启元李正伦中国电影出版社》

內容簡介  · · · · · ·

作者簡介  · · · · · ·

井原西鶴以其縱橫的才華,通過一個男人繚亂的一生,反映了日本江戶時代商人、平民和妓女的真實生活。被譽為江戶時代的《源氏物語》。

目錄  · · · · · ·

卷一
1燈火熄滅戀情生
2不好意思只好用書信
3不讓人看到的部位
4幸而陣雨打濕衣袖
5了解身世才相知
6粗俗的澡堂妓女
7原是皇族府邸女傭人
卷二
1陋室的被褥
2斷發未段情
3出乎意料的女人
4誓文上的朱印
5旅行中的一時衝動
6必須出家
7陋巷破屋為住處
卷三
1戀情的預付金
2小倉海岸的賣魚女
3必定是討來穿的衣服
4一夜忘形之歡
5各種開銷超過五目
6妓女的布棉襖也是租來的
7做盡荒唐事
卷四
1因果報應過關難
2成為死別紀念的黃楊木梳
3睡夢中的刀光劍影
4與眾不同的男妓
5形形色色的幽會機關
6空飽眼福
7漁家女的情慾
卷五
1名妓吉野
2想吃的干年糕片
3多情妓女的品格
4捨命的水晶球
5偽裝興隆的妓院
6不識當代風流士的蠢妓女
7正在此時出虛恭
卷六
1袖中蜜橘傳情
2會情人何懼火燒身
3忠誠盒中妓女情
4選擇菜餚以驅除睡意
5遠眺身著盛裝的妓女
6美妓的送別禮品
7寫有和歌的漂亮紙外衣
卷七
1容貌如初昔
2幫閒們縱情遊樂
3貪得無厭的妓女
4一百二十里以外敬情酒
5多情的日記
6多情女子癡情漢
7新町的夜景,島原的晨曦
卷八
1舒舒服服睡覺的車
2情的賭注
3酒未足而前往戀鄉
4京都美女偶人
5閨房催欲具
---

好色一代女

作者:   [日]井原西鶴
出版社:中國電影出版社譯者 : 王啟元 / 李正倫出版年: 2004-2-1 頁數: 180 定價: 35.00

內容簡介  · · · · · ·

作者簡介  · · · · · ·

井原西鶴(1642-1693),本名平山藤五,日本江戶時代小說家,俳諧詩人,與同時代的近松門左衛門、松尾芭蕉並稱為“元祿三文豪”。十五歲開始學俳諧,師事談林派的西山宗因。四十一歲寫出艷情小說《好色一代男》,被認為是日本文學史上“浮世草子”(社會小說)的起點。創作大量描寫町人(工商業者)社會現實生活與風俗人情的“町人物”。文風受俳諧語言影響較深,以簡潔、精練為特色;表現在敘事風格上,機鋒敏捷,話題轉換靈活,如行雲流水,酣暢恣肆。

目錄  · · · · · ·

卷一
一老婦的棲身之家
二歌舞與陪酒侍宴
三諸侯的艷妾
四蕩婦的豐姿
卷二
一中等妓女
二花柳街的下等妓女
三和尚的姘頭
四教禮節和習字的女先生
卷三
一町人之家的妓女
二禍水之源的美女
三歌船上的賣笑生涯
四富貴之家的梳頭工
卷四
一崇尚奢侈的嫁娶
二衣袖上的香艷水墨畫
三大公館裡好色的老雜工
四願來世託生男人的老嫗
卷五
一石垣町茶館裡身價大跌
二澡塘的挫澡女
三扇子舖的一段姻緣
四藏污納垢的批髮店
卷六
一暗娼是白晝的怪物
二旅店裡敲旅客竹槓
三路旁拉客的暗娼
四五百羅漢的啟示
好色五女人
卷一姬路的美男子清十郎的故事
一愛戀使暗夜成白晝
二暗縫帶子裡出現的情書
三大鼓聲中的舞獅
四把信匣忘在驛站的信差
五人頭落地後才知銀未失
卷二情深義重的桶匠
一桶匠為戀情而煩惱
二老婦人慌稱遇見怪物
三藉口京都拜神,永結百年之好
四桶匠宿願克遂
五醋海狂瀾致使兩人負罪身亡
卷三曆書鋪子的故事
一品頭論足評點美人
二代寫情書鑄成大錯
三假裝投海自盡
四途中遇險,夢中神示仍不語
五分身已露罪有應得
卷四青菜店老闆家的故事
一大年除夕的煩惱
二情深義重無懼春雷
三情侶雪夜相會
四過早凋零的櫻花
五風流少年頓成和尚
卷五源五兵衛的故事
一合奏竹笛聲悲切
二生命短暫的捕鳥少年
三愛男色者頓失兩位美少年
四彼此感情截然不同
五錢多了反倒為難
譯後者
· · · · · ·

原文摘錄· · · · · ·  全部 )

  • 外表首先遜人一等的是八橋的阿吉她真像河邊小戲園子裡演能劇時戴的“千歲翁”假面那位從京城來的下玉平常總是一副睡眼惺忪的樣子不過長相耐看可比作難波禦堂的海棠因為唐書中曾用“海棠睡未足”形容楊貴妃的嬌容最見不得人的要數金平的阿初患了梅毒的她滿身暗瘡多得就像高津的涼茶屋外號喚作貓的阿凜目光就像挑在竹竿上的燈籠半夜裡閃閃發光實乃曠世之寶那個頭髮捲曲人稱“釋迦頭”的久米別看事前歡聲笑語地陪伴左右事後卻無緣無故地對你不理不睬就像坐摩神社舉行驅魔辟邪儀式用的彩車只熱鬧一陣子“德利阿曼”跟男人睡覺時總是哭哭啼啼的像極了今宮神社的松樹上的烏鴉“越後鍋"的夢話沒完沒了就像道久讀的《太平記》一樣無滋無味外號”假紫”的阿冊表面上小鳥依人乖巧順從可常常死纏爛打地逼客人買各種小玩意就像谷町 玉木町的觀音堂的藤花瑣瑣碎碎地掛滿枝頭合力的阿旬最叫人愛不釋手念念不忘的是她的舊和服裡子掀開一看背面羅列著密密麻麻們的人名乍一看還以為是每年正月舉辦謠曲大會時發的通知單小吉綽號叫“鱷嘴”她的口氣和貧民窟長町西頭的垃圾堆一樣惡臭難聞( 查看原文 )
     王硯之 1贊 2015-10-09 18:40:21
    —— 引自章節:卷五
  • 如今的海路,風清以時,行舟者善觀風色,西國的一尺八寸的笠帽雲,二天之前就可預測;掌握之穩,萬無一失。但叫有船走遠海,一日駛百里,十日走千里,萬事都能隨心所欲。所以大商人的氣魄,就好比渡大海的船舶一般,不一腳跳過自家門前的瀨戶內海,渡到長崎看看,便無從聽到招財小槌敲響天秤。一輩子在天秤盤裡打旋,不知世界之廣的人,才叫冤呢!且不談日本,大膽投資於唐土,雖則看不準前途,可是唐人講究信義不食諾言,綢緞匹頭,表裡一色,藥材不摻假。木是木,金是金,多少年也沒個變。貪詐唯日本,縫衣針越來越短,布匹面兒越來越窄,紙傘不上油,唯偷工減料是務;貨一出門,不管退換。大雨淋不到自身,雖父母也任其赤足,空口搭白是不肯通融的。查看原文 )

***

【#人與書國際週報】012:初讀井原西鶴 Ihara Saikaku 及其『好色五人女』Five women who loved love 好色餘情









狄培理 原文名 William Theodore de Bary 1919~2017

Five Women who Loved Love (Tuttle, 1956)好色五人女,很好看



The Decameron 十日談;The New Decameron.

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Decameron and Chill? Why a 14th-Century Italian Masterpiece Is on Everyone's Quarantine Reading List






The Decameron 十日談

Giovanni Boccaccio(1313-1375)/魏良雄/志文/義大利


維基百科,自由的百科全書
本文介紹的是義大利文藝復興時期作家喬萬尼·薄伽丘所著的一本短篇小說集。關於1971年由義大利導演皮埃爾·保羅·帕索里尼導演的電影,請見「十日談 (1971年電影)」。
十日談

Decameron, 1492
1492年威尼斯版本的插畫
作者 喬萬尼·薄伽丘
原名 Il Decameron, cognominato Prencipe Galeotto
出版地 義大利
語言義大利語
類型 小說寓言
出版商 Filippo and Bernardo Giunti
媒介 印刷
OCLC58887280
杜威分類法 853.1
LC分類法 PQ4267


1916年John William Waterhouse所作的繪畫

十日談Decameron,桑德羅·波提切利繪於1487年.

《十日談》(Decameron)為義大利文藝復興時期作家喬萬尼·薄伽丘所著的一本寫實主義短篇小說集[1][2]

1348年繁華的佛羅倫薩發生一場殘酷的瘟疫(黑死病),喪鐘亂鳴,死了十多萬人,在整個歐洲,因此病而死的人多達一千萬人。隔年薄伽丘以這次瘟疫為背景,執筆寫下了《十日談》,內容是講述七位女性和三位男性到佛羅倫斯郊外山上的別墅躲避瘟疫,這十位男女就在賞心悅目的園林裏住了下來,除了唱歌跳舞之外,大家決定每人每天講一個故事來渡過酷熱的日子,最後合計講了一百個故事,即《十日談》的內容。

《十日談》故事來源廣泛,取材於歷史事件、義大利古羅馬時期的《金驢記》、法國中世紀的寓言、東方民間故事(阿拉伯、印度和中國的民間故事,如《一千零一夜》、《馬可波羅遊記》、《七哲人書》),乃至於宮廷傳聞、街談巷議,兼容並蓄,熔鑄古典文學和民間文學的特點於一爐。

這些故事中除了對於現實生活的描寫、愛情的稱揚、商人的智慧和才幹之外,同時對於當時的帝王貴族教會等等勢力的黑暗面加以揭露諷刺;如《十日談》的「第三日」更描述了一位猛男馬賽多(Masetto)如何以肉體滿足了修道院的修女們。也因此《十日談》完成後薄伽丘備受教會勢力的咒罵攻擊,這些打擊使他一度想燒燬他的著作,幸而好友兼詩人的佩脫拉克(Francesco Petrarch,Francesco Petrarca)加以阻止,也才使得《十日談》這部傑作得以保存下來。

《十日談》的寫實主義文學風格,對後來西方文學發展影響甚大。開啟歐洲短篇小說的藝術形式之先河。義大利文藝理論家弗朗切斯科·德·桑克蒂斯(1817年—1883年)將《十日談》和但丁的《神曲》相提並論,稱之為《人曲》。後來英國喬叟的《坎特伯雷故事集》、法國瑪格麗特·德·那瓦爾的《七日談》都是摹仿《十日談》的作品。

《十日談》有多個漢語全譯本,最早是上海莎士比亞研究者方平與王科一共同從英譯本轉譯的全譯本,北京人民文學出版社約請王永年翻譯的全譯本是第1個從義大利語原文直譯的版本,再來還有南京錢鴻嘉、泰和庠、田青合作的全譯本和北京大學義大利語教授肖天佑的全譯本(呂同六主編)。王永年、錢鴻嘉、肖天佑的譯本都從義大利原文譯出。1958年,上海新文藝出版社出版《十日談》的內部書版。

方平、王科一譯本和王永年譯本在台灣正體中文版。

Everyman's Library

"A kissed mouth doesn't lose its freshness, for like the moon it always renews itself."
“To have compassion for those who suffer is a human quality which everyone should possess, especially those who have required comfort themselves in the past and have managed to find it in others. ”
--from DECAMERON (c. 1350) by Giovanni Boccaccio


"Although he was an old man approaching seventy, and the natural warmth had almost entirely departed from his body, his heart was so noble that he was not averse to welcoming the flames of love [...] He was mightily attracted by the lady, and, no differently than if he had been in the prime of his youth, he felt those flames so keenly in his mature old breast, that he never seemed able to sleep at night, unless in the course of the day he had seen the fair lady's fine and delectable features."
--from Pampinea's tale of Master Alberto in "Decameron" By Giovanni Boccaccio


In the summer of 1348, with the plague ravaging Florence, ten young men and women take refuge in the countryside, where they entertain themselves with tales of love, death, and corruption, featuring a host of characters, from lascivious clergymen and mad kings to devious lovers and false miracle-makers. Named after the Greek for “ten days,” Boccaccio’s book of stories draws on ancient mythology, contemporary history, and everyday life, and has influenced the work of myriad writers who came after him. J. G. Nichols’s new translation, faithful to the original but rendered in eminently readable modern English, captures the timeless humor of one of the great classics of European literature. A brilliant new translation of the work that Herman Hesse called “the first great masterpiece of European storytelling.” READ an excerpt here:http://knopfdoubleday.com/bo…/15360/decameron/9780307271716/


****

Decameron, 1492

****



[LAWRENCE, D H] BLAIR [Ed]. The New Decameron. New York: Brentano’s,(1925).

First Edition. Very Rare in dustjacket. Anthology which includes the first printing of D. H. Lawrence’s story,“The Last Laugh,” and stories by J. D. Beresford, Edgell Rickword, Horace Horsnell and others. Near Fine with slight rubbing to cover corners, in Very Good plus dustjacket, spine faded with narrow chip at mid-front spine edge.

Wintry Peacock by D. H. Lawrence - Free Ebook - Project Gutenberg

www.gutenberg.org › 55,773 free ebooks › 28 by D. H. Lawrence

Aug 31, 2007 - Free kindle book and epub digitized and proofread by Project Gutenberg.


《格林兄弟》The Brothers Grimm (die Brüder :《格林童話》Grimm)Grimm's Fairy Tales

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《格林童話》牛津大學出版社,1946/1962/1971/1975
插圖 1962

Grimm's Fairy Tales Hardcover – 1965

Publisher: Oxford University Press; First Thus edition (1965)
《格林兄弟》
浙江文藝,1986,0.75元
譯者顧正祥教授贈臺大圖書館
我印象深的是波次坦皇家要演《仲夏夜之夢》的轟動......




The Brothers Grimm (die Brüder Grimm or die Gebrüder Grimm), Jacob Ludwig Karl (1785–1863) and Wilhelm Carl (1786–1859), were German academics, philologists, cultural researchers, lexicographers and authors who together collected and published folklore during the 19th century.


Less well known in the English-speaking world is the brothers' pioneering scholarly work on a German dictionary, the Deutsches Wörterbuch, which they began in 1838. Not until 1852 did they begin publishing the dictionary in installments.[43] The work on the dictionary could not be finished in their lifetime because in it they gave a history and analysis of each word.[42]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brothers_Grimm
有好幾張弟弟畫的

Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm in an 1843 drawing by their younger brother Ludwig Emil Grimm

Jacob Grimm lecturing (illustration by Ludwig Emil Grimm, c. 1830)



格林兄弟像,左為威廉·格林,右為雅各布·格林
格林兄弟(德語:Brüder GrimmDie Gebrüder Grimm)是指雅各布·格林(1785年1月4日-1863年9月20日)和威廉·格林(1786年2月24日-1859年12月16日)兄弟兩人,他們是德國19世紀著名的童話搜集家、語言文化研究者。兩人因興趣相近,經歷相似,合作研究語言學、搜集和整理民間童話與傳說,故稱「格林兄弟」。
格林兄弟的許多作品流傳甚廣,如《白雪公主》、《睡美人》、《長髮姑娘》、《灰姑娘》、《糖果屋》、《名字古怪的小矮人兒》和《青蛙王子》等故事。

生平[編輯]

雅各布·路德維希·卡爾·格林威廉·卡爾·格林[a]分別於1785年1月4日和1786年2月24日出生在黑森州法蘭克福附近的哈瑙。格林兄弟的家裡共有9個孩子,但其中3個還在嬰兒時便夭折了。[1]他們的孩提時代在鄉下度過。1790至1796年,格林兄弟的父親被黑森的王子雇用,格林一家搬至當地行政司法官家附近。
格林兄弟的父親菲利普·威廉(Philip Wilhelm)在雅各布·格林11歲時去世,一家人隨後搬到了城裡的一間小房子裡。[1]兩年後,格林兄弟的祖父也離開人世,家裡只留下母親艱難維持著孩子們的生活。有觀點認為,這樣的經歷便是格林兄弟傾向於在故事中美化和原諒父親,著重表現臭名昭著的邪惡繼母等女惡人(如《灰姑娘》中的繼母和繼姐)的原因。[2]不過,這一觀點忽視了一個事實,那就是兄弟倆只是「收集」民間故事,而不是故事的作者。
這樣的經歷可能也影響到了兄弟倆對故事的選擇。譬如《十二兄弟》,其中就講述了「一位」女孩與「幾位」哥哥(與格林兄弟自己的家庭結構相像)之間是怎樣消除隔閡的。[3]
兄弟倆就讀在卡塞爾的弗里德里希文科中學(Friedrichsgymnasium),後來同在馬爾堡大學學習法律。在大學裡,他們受到了弗里德里希·卡爾·馮·薩維尼教授的影響,產生了對從前事物的興趣。20多歲時,他們開始了語言學與文字學方面的研究,格林定律和童話與民間故事集便是這些研究的成果。雖然格林兄弟的作品集後來變得膾炙人口,但本質上它們其實是兄弟倆語言學研究的副產品,而研究才是他們的主要目標。
1808年,雅各布被任命為威斯伐倫國王的圖書管理員。1812年,格林兄弟出版了其第一卷童話,即《兒童與家庭童話集》。他們從農民與鄉下人那裡收集故事,同時,也從其他文化和語言中已發布的作品(如夏爾·佩羅的)等其他來源收集。在合作過程中,雅各布側重於研究工作,而威廉的工作較為細膩,是將收集來的內容變成童真風格的文學作品。他們對民俗學和樸素文學也感興趣。1816年,雅各布成為卡塞爾的圖書管理員,威廉也被聘用。1816年至1818年,他們出版了兩卷德國傳奇故事和一卷早期文學史。

1000德國馬克(1992年)
後來,兄弟倆對更古老的語言和他們與德語之間的關係產生了興趣。雅各布開始專門研究德語的歷史以及結構。這些語言的關係在格林定律中得到了揭示。他們收集了大量的數據。1830年,兄弟倆搬至哥廷根,並都供職於哥廷根大學[4]雅各布從1830年起擔任教授和首席圖書管理員,威廉從1835年起擔任教授。
在1837年,格林兄弟加入哥廷根大學中同為教授的五位同事,抗議漢諾瓦國王破壞憲法。他們一行人在德國逐漸出名,被稱為「哥廷根七君子」(Die Göttinger Sieben)。但他們也因此被大學開除,包括雅各布在內的三人還被驅逐出境。雅各布在卡塞爾定居,離開了漢諾瓦國王的領地,威廉也跟隨離去。他們在弟弟路德維希處落腳。不過,第二年,兄弟倆被普魯士國王邀請前往柏林,並定居於此。[5]
兄弟倆晚年都在致力於編纂詞典《Deutsches Wörterbuch》,其第一卷於1854年發布。詞典在格林兄弟逝世前未能全部完成,被後代人繼續編纂。

婚姻及家庭[編輯]


格林兄弟墓,位於柏林聖馬太公墓
雅各布一生都是單身。1825年5月15日,威廉與亨麗埃特·多蘿西婭·懷爾德(Henriette Dorothea Wild,或Dortchen)結婚。她是一位藥商的女兒,還是小時候跟兄弟倆講《小紅帽》故事的玩伴。威廉和亨麗埃特共有四個孩子,但一個幼年夭折,剩下的三個是:卡爾(Karl)、雅各布(Jacob)和愛格妮思(Agnes)。威廉結婚後,兄弟倆仍來往密切。他們就像一個屋簷下的和睦大家庭。
威廉在1859年12月16日於柏林辭世。雅各布繼續著詞典的編纂與相關計劃之工作,直至1863年9月20日在柏林逝世。兄弟倆均被葬於柏林舍嫩貝格的聖馬太公墓(Alter St.-Matthäus-Kirchhof Berlin)。格林兄弟幫助培養了德國公眾的民主意識並被視為德國民主運動的先驅。

童話[編輯]

約從1806年起,格林兄弟開始進行童話等民間故事的搜集。他們於1812年出版了自己第一卷《兒童與家庭童話集[6],也就是一般說的《格林童話》,收錄了86則德國童話。加上1814年發布的第二卷,第一版《兒童與家庭童話集》共收錄156則童話。格林兄弟逝世前一共出版了七版《兒童與家庭童話集》。
該書奠定了民間童話中引人入勝的「格林體」敘述方式,對19世紀以來的世界兒童文學產生了深遠的影響。其中的《灰姑娘》、《白雪公主》、《小紅帽》、《玫瑰公主》(既格林版《睡公主》)、《不萊梅的城市樂手》等,以其豐富的想像、美麗的幢憬、善良的心靈和高尚的情操啟迪了孩子們的心扉。1816到1818年,他們又出版了兩卷集《德國傳說》,1835年出版了《德國神話》。
後來,《格林童話》作為膾炙人口的傳世佳作,如今已被譯成各國文字多次出版,成為世界兒童文學的珍寶。

語言學研究[編輯]

在格林兄弟所生活的19世紀早期,神聖羅馬帝國剛剛解體,而更為現代的德意志民族國家又還未出現。取而代之的是以奧地利帝國為首的39個中小國組成的德意志邦聯,這些國家有許多是在拿破崙重組德國時剛剛建立的。當時影響德意志人民統一的重要因素便是語言。渴望形成一個德意志民族認同感是激勵兄弟倆寫作乃至一生的一個要素。
於德國以外國家的一般人而言,《Deutsches Wörterbuch》(德語詞典)可能不是那麼熟知。這部著作內容廣博,共有33卷,重84公斤。至今其仍被認為是德語語源學的標準參考書。編纂工作開始於1838年,但直到格林兄弟去世,只有字母「A」到部分字母「F」的章節完成。直至1960年,編纂工作才被認為已經完成。[7]
雅各布也因闡述格林定律得到公眾的認可。這一定律和德國語言的發音變化有關,最先被丹麥語言學者拉斯姆斯·克里斯蒂安·拉斯克(Rasmus Christian Rask)觀察到。

紀念[編輯]

1975年,德國政府為了紀念童話大師格林兄弟誕辰200週年,規畫了一條童話大道(Deutsche Märchenstraße),南起格林兄弟故鄉哈瑙,經過格林兄弟居住的各個地方,以及其經典作品的發生地,蜿蜒向北約600公里,最後抵達著名《布萊梅樂隊》故事的發生地布萊梅(Bremen)。[8]
為紀念格林兄弟,柏林洪堡大學2009年啟用的中心圖書館雅各布-威廉-格林中心以之命名。

注釋[編輯]

a. ^ 《新編德國人物傳》(Neue Deutsche Biographie)將他們的名字拼作「Grimm, Jacob Ludwig Carl」[9]及「Grimm, Wilhelm Carl」。[10]《Deutsches biographisches Archiv》將威廉的名字寫作「Grimm, Wilhelm Karl」。[10]《德國人物傳》(Allgemeine deutsche Biographie)寫作:「Grimm: Jacob (Ludwig Karl)」[11]和「Grimm: Wilhelm (Karl)」。[12]《The National Union Catalog Pre-1956 Imprints》也將威廉的名字寫作:「Grimm, Wilhelm Karl」。[10]而在中文世界,一般寫作雅各布·格林和威廉·格林。


楊牧:《一首詩的完成》,《亭午之鷹》

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《亭午之鷹》1996 瑤光星散為鷹






楊牧(1940年9月6日-2020.3.13),本名王靖獻,臺灣花蓮人,臺灣著名詩人、散文家、評論家、翻譯家、學者。



一首詩的完成,語言:繁體中文,ISBN:957952534X,頁數:222,出版社:洪範,作者:楊牧,出版日期:2004


  此書為楊牧對詩的理念思考之整體展現,採書信體,原題「給青年詩人的信」,共十八篇,論詩的定義和方法,分析詩的形式和內容,指出意象、色彩、音樂的藝術要求,並廣泛探討詩人和現實社會,乃至於歷史傳統和文學經籍與一首詩之所以完成的關係,以冷靜的筆調檢查美學和人生的合諧與矛盾,可以為習詩創作者參詳,為實際批評方法的借鏡,也可以為楊牧自剖文學心靈的散文集。
~~~~
耐著性子打完近一千個字,就是覺得這兩段寫大自然寫的太好了!也談到個人獨自在山中驚覺天地嚴峻的監視而感到恐懼,但這恐懼又是深深的愛和教導。每一句話都該畫線的!!最近在公民課上到生命自覺,我信手舉了一長串,頑童時期做過的歹事,好幾件都和前面的兩位文人有類似的感覺,包括對山中池塘的魚,以及家貓下過毒手,過程實在不忍再細數,但我真的明確感受到自己行為後所受的譴責,四周寧靜無聲,那樣的肅靜,感覺自己直接面對眼前群山的責備。這次眼前的油桐樹似也在靜靜的教導和訴說許多大自然的道理呀!

楊牧〈大自然〉《一首詩的完成》
作者簡介
楊 牧
  一九四○年生於臺灣花蓮,美國柏克萊(Berkeley)加州大學比較文學博士,現任華盛頓大學教授,中央研究院特聘研究員兼文哲所所長;著作有詩集、戲劇、散文等中英文類四十餘種,又有翻譯及編纂行世。

抱負 / 一首詩的完成 / 楊牧1984
我們以詩的創造為抱負,但抱負大小必須有理想的嚮導。人間喧嚷,眾口滔滔,詩人能在這現實社會裡引起甚麼樣的作用?你這樣質問我,正好碰到了我多年沉思疑惑的一藝術生命的環節,錯綜複雜,甚至因為我自己過份的關懷,它是生澀硬化的,我不知道怎麼樣來撫觸它,鬆弛它,使它鏗鏘散開,趨向明朗。

詩人應該有所秉持。他秉持甚麼呢?他超越功利,睥睨權勢以肯定人性的尊嚴。崇尚自由和民;他關懷羣眾但不為羣眾口號所指引,認識私我情感之可貴而不為自己的愛憎帶向濫情;他的秉持乃是一獨立威嚴之心靈,其渥如赭,其寒如冰,那是深藏雪原下一團熊熊的烈火,不斷以知識的權力,想像的光芒試探著疲憊的現實結構,向一切恐怖欺凌的伎倆挑戰,指出草之所以枯,肉之所以腐,魍魎魑魅之所以必死,不能長久在光天化日下現形。他指出愛和同情是永恆的,在任何艱苦的年代;自由和民主是不可修正刪改的,在任何艱苦的年代。這些只有一個不變的定義──詩人以他文字音聲的創造,必須參與其中賦予它不變的,真正的定義。

詩人服膺美的嚮導,但美不只是山川大自然之美,也必須是人情之美。他創造美,不只創造藝術之美,更須創造人情之美。他和其他崇尚知識的人一樣,相信真理可以長存,敦厚善良乃是人類賴以延續生命的惟一的憑藉,而弱肉強食固然是野獸的行徑,黨同伐異,以不公正的方式驅使社會走向黑暗的道路,一定是淫邪醜陋的。詩人必須認識這些,並且設法揭發它,攻擊它。他通過間接的甚至寓言的方式來面對人類社會和山川自然,他不躁進也不慵懶,不咒罵也不必呻吟,通過象徵比喻,構架完整的音響和畫幅。當他作品完成的時候,他獲取藝術之美;而即使作品的內容是譴責控訴,他所展開的是人性之善;即使作品的技巧迂迴於隱喻和炫耀的意象之中,他所鼓吹的是真。

你有理想和抱負,你要創造完美的文學,永恆之詩。這些我可以明白,但完美的文學永恆之詩必須有它哲學的基礎,必須立足在人性尊嚴的肯定。我並不要求你凡事緊張,以寫作哲學論文或政治批評的方式寫詩;你可以使用多種手法,通過各種技巧,或舒緩或慷慨,以抒情的或戲劇的聲音表達你心神之體悟。你既然有為永恆之詩獻身的理想,有創造完美的文學的抱負,你便不致於失落在世俗之中,你的作品便不會淪落為政治的,宗教的,財閥的工具。你的作口皆是你人格良知的昇華,見證你所抉擇的生命的意義。

楊牧。(1989)。一首詩的完成。洪範書局。


目錄
抱 負
大自然
記 憶
生存環境,br>壯 遊
歷史意識
古 典
現代文學
外國文學
社會參與
閑 適
形式與內容
音樂性
論修改
發 表
朋 友
聲 名
詩與真實


~~~~~竟然是2008的,可能嗎?

台大意識報: 一首詩的完成——淺談楊牧

2008年9月14日 星期日


一首詩的完成——淺談楊牧

◎劉書甫
詩是我涉事的行為。--楊牧

楊牧,本名王靖獻,十六開始以「葉珊」為筆名發表詩作,三十二歲時改筆名為「楊牧」。楊牧一生創作不輟,著作類型包括新詩、散文、評論、翻譯等。作品卓然成家,對後進影響甚鉅,可謂台灣最重要的詩人之一。

楊牧的詩擅長透露作者的精神和心靈探索,更展現了對世事的省思及人文關懷。在已出版的十三本詩集中,可見其每一階段的新嘗試,透過敏銳的心靈和自我辯證,觸探著不同的主題,成就一首首壯麗而深邃的詩作,可讀性極高。每一本詩集的後面皆有後記,抒發自己寫作期間的心理狀態和所思。讀者在細讀詩作、對詩作有了詮釋和註解後再看後記,彷彿楊牧現身說法,告訴讀者自己是在怎樣的介入與抽離間、怎樣的觀覽與閱讀中、怎樣的敏感與疏離中留下這些文字,讓讀者能夠真正讀「懂」他的詩,產生一些踏實而寶貴的共鳴;其散文亦優美如詩,行文之間,處處見其敏銳的觀察、易感卻節制的心思,運用的修辭和文法架勢皆準確而不落俗套。

楊牧的寫景、描物的功力深厚,然而真正吸引人的地方在於,其在寫景中總能巧妙的連結至自我的意識狀態,而緩緩道出一種人生追尋或哲學。而楊牧博覽各種文學作品,除了翻譯葉慈等外國詩人的詩作,其散文內也常引用英詩,但此旁徵博引之作為並非為了炫耀其閱讀之壯,通常只是楊牧在一種情境或風景裡的長久凝視中,偶然臨現的感觸,而藉由幾行英詩默默誦出,而詩的意境與描繪,也安適的巧融於楊牧筆下的景緻中。以下的例子或許能略為感受楊牧的寫作風格:

在其散文《亭午之鷹》中寫到,一日亭午,楊牧在九龍暫居的濱海公寓裡看到一隻鷹,以剛毅、果決而凜然之姿呈現,
「鷹久久立於欄杆上,對我炫耀它億載傳說的美姿。它的頭腦猛厲,顏色是青灰中略帶蒼黃;它雙眼疾速,凝視如星辰參與商。而堅定的勾喙似乎隨時可以俯襲蛇蝎於廣袤的平蕪。它的翮翼色澤鮮明,順著首頸的紋線散開,聚合,每一根羽毛都可能是調節,安置好了的,沒有一點糾纏,衝突,而平整休息地閤著,如此從容,完全沒有把我的存在,我的好奇放在心裡。1
許多形象與聲音在楊牧的心裡閃過,而以Alfred, Lord Tennyson的六行詩默誦於心。然而,鷹卻倏地而去,
「如此決絕,近乎悲壯地,捨我而去2」,
而且不會再回來了,一隻勢必要走的鷹。楊牧決定以筆墨尺素留住此天地之色相,期待化瞬息為長久,變渺小於無窮,遂提筆寫亭午之鷹。而這隻具體造訪的小鷹卻讓楊牧想起了古人寫鷹的情況,提到杜甫寫鷹,其實寫的是畫布上的筆墨渲染、勾勒出的蒼鷹之像,非如自己此刻親眼觀察的鷹。因而思起詩人以語言展現事物,所從事的無非就是模擬事物具體、個別之行為,而那具體、個別之行為所服膺者正是宇宙造物主原始孕育的一般意念,所以詩人所作的屬兩度疏離於真理以外的模擬。杜甫的詩筆所展現的畫布之鷹,則可謂三度疏離於柏拉圖系統裡的真理。因此,楊牧自問,
「即使僅僅集中於古典文本的檢閱,於丹青設色的觀察,於人情和世故,這系統也大畧可以想像。詩何嘗不生生於它一自給自足的時空,具體設事,抽象提昇?3
同期寫下的詩作《心之鷹》也可見其思緒:
鷹往日照多處飛去
沒入大島向我的投影
陽台上幾片落葉窸窣
像去年秋天刪去的詩
而鷹現在朝南盤旋
漸遠。我站起來
面對著海
於是我失去了它
想像是鼓翼亡走了
或許折返山林
如我此刻竟對真理等等感到厭倦
但願低飛在人少,近水的臨界
且頻頻俯見自己以鴥然之姿
起落於廓大的寂靜,我丘壑凜凜的心4

然而詩人的反省未完,一隻真實存在眼前的鷹,無論是否離宇宙造物主的意念尚有差距,一隻勢必要走的鷹已透過力與美,讓楊牧激起了強烈的感應,一顆悵惘的心,「試圖以文字的鋪陳,安頓,將那短暫的感應延長至無限,更想要把那鷹的實存恆化於我的篇幅結構,音韻,色彩,意象,比喻等修辭和文法的架勢裡5」。在從事這樣一件詩人的工作時,楊牧領悟到,透過感官直接的觸及,確實提供了不平凡的第一手資料,然而如同這隻鷹,凌厲、冷肅、繽紛而迷人,卻好像又只提供了一些表相,無法支撐起詩人的筆,以充分的情感與思想架構起文章,以及所有的工作。詩人還需要古典創作的啟發、詮釋、註解,
「需要累積的文學知識來深化,廣化,問題化那工作;我更需要集中思想與情感,組織,磨礪,使之彰顯明快,庶幾能夠將那鷹定位在我的工作前景6
如同杜甫面對畫布上的蒼鷹時,已剎那通明,下筆如神。此「鷹」幾乎是可以指涉一切事物,一切客觀存在的世事與人情。而「詩」是泛稱,楊牧作為詩人的一生,就如同他的作品,從發端到成就的整個過程,就如同朝向藝術的臻極,其中一切心志堅持、勤奮節制,都在成就他的人生如同一首詩之完成的過程,如詩人自己所言:「詩是我涉事的行為。」

楊牧各階段的創作都可略見其創作觀,但值得一提的是,楊牧將讀者的來信一一思索,並提筆寫了幾封給年輕詩人的信,集結成冊,名為《一首詩的完成》。書中提出了作為詩人的抱負,對生存環境提出反省,對旅遊與閱讀的必要和古典文學、現代文學之於詩人的地位,以及詩與真實均提出了獨到的見解。其中展現了楊牧心目中,詩與詩人的理想樣貌:
「詩人服膺美的嚮導,但美不只是山川大自然之美,也必須是人情之美。他創造美,不只創造藝術之美,更需創造人情之美。他和其他崇尚知識的人一樣,相信真理可以長存,敦厚善良乃是人類賴以延續生命的唯一憑藉。7
而詩對楊牧來說,
「似乎是沒有目的,游離於社會價值以外,漂浮於人間爭逐之外,但它尖銳如冷鋒之劍,往往落實在耳聞目睹的悲歡當下,澄清佹偽的謊言,力斬末流的巧辯,了斷一切愚昧枝節。詩以有限的篇幅作無窮的擴充,可以帶領你選擇真實。8
《一首詩的完成》對於有志於寫作的人來說,實為一本值得一讀的好書。


註釋:
1. 《亭午之鷹》,頁一七五。
2. 《亭午之鷹》,頁一七七。
3. 《亭午之鷹》,頁二○四。
4. 《時光命題》,頁八。
5. 《亭午之鷹》,頁二○五。
6. 《亭午之鷹》,頁二○六。
7. 《一首詩的完成》,頁六。
8. 《一首詩的完成》,頁四。

黃詩芸(Alexa Huang) 著《莎士比亞的中國旅行:從晚清到21世紀》Chinese Shakespeares: Two Centuries of Cultural Exchange 《中文莎士比亞:兩世紀的文化交流 》

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中文莎士比亞:兩世紀的文化交流




Alexa HUANG - Shaksreen contributor
shakscreen.org › contributors › alexa_huang

Alexa Huang is the author of Chinese Shakespeares: Two Centuries of Cultural Exchange (Columbia University Press), a study of the interactions between ideas of "Shakespeare" and "China" in fiction, film, and theatre in an age of globalization.
參考部分資料:第二章《晚清的莎士比亞接受史:從梁啟超到魯迅》和第三章《道德的批判與改寫:蘭姆姐弟、林紓及老舍》。



莎士比亞的中國旅行


作者 : 黃詩芸
出版社:華東師範大學出版社
副標題:從晚清到21世紀譯者 : 孫艷娜 / 張曄出版年: 2017-4-1頁數: 320定價: CNY 42.00裝幀:平裝 ISBN: 9787567553033


莎士比亞的中國旅行
作  者:(美)黃詩芸(Alexa Huang) 著;孫豔娜.張曄 譯

定  價:42

出 版 社:華東師範大學出版社有限公司

出版日期:2017年04月01日

頁  數:294

裝  幀:平裝

ISBN:9787567553033

目錄
序言
部 文化交流理論
章 莎士比亞與中國:文化擁有權的爭辯
第二部 虛構的道德空間
第二章 晚清的莎士比亞接受史:從樑啓超到魯迅
第三章 道德的批判與改寫:蘭姆姐弟、林紓及老舍
第三部 本土化的詮釋
第四章 無聲電影與早期話劇:表演性別與映像城市
第五章 閱讀和演出的地方譜系:孔廟、勞改場與中蘇合作劇場
第四部 後現代東方莎士比亞
第六章 再論中國戲曲莎劇的弔詭
第七章 典範的揚棄與重建:吳興國與賴聲川
尾聲:新世紀的視覺文化――從林兆華到馮小剛
注釋
譯者後記

內容虛線
內容簡介

《莎士比亞的中國旅行:從晚清到21世紀》主要研究莎士比亞在中國的流傳以及他對文學界、戲劇界以及中國文化的影響。莎士比亞的作品傳到中國後,如何本土化的,如何傳播的,如何與中國戲劇的結合,作者黃詩芸從比較文學的角度來看莎士比亞在中國的流傳與影響。

作者簡介
(美)黃詩芸(Alexa Huang) 著;孫豔娜.張曄 譯

黃詩芸(Alexa Huang),美國斯坦福大學比較文學博士。現任美國喬治?華盛頓大學英國文學系及研究所教授,博士點與碩士點導師,以及數位人文研究院創院院長。曾任靠前莎士比亞年刊主編、美國亞洲戲劇研究學會副、英國富布萊特優選莎士比亞傑出講座(駐點倫敦)等。主要從事莎士比亞研究、跨文化翻譯及理論研究以及中國現當代文學研究。

死者的審判Domen över död man (2012) 冰島

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1898的愛情
死者的審判

死者的審判


死者的審判Domen över död man (2012)
主演:佩尼拉·奧蓋斯特/加斯帕·克裏斯滕森/Jesper Christensen
類型:劇情戰爭傳記歷史
地區:瑞典 挪威
上映日期:2012年12月07日 (瑞典)

電影劇情

曾執導《永恆時刻》的瑞典名導揚·特洛爾帶來的新作,題材依舊是人物傳記,根據真實事件改編。影片的主人公名叫Torgny Segerstedt(1876–1945),是一名宗教學者,曾在1917年到1945年期間擔任瑞典報紙《Göteborgs Handels- och Sjöfartstidning》主編,由于堅持發表反法西斯的言論而成為瑞典人的民族英雄,當時在整個歐洲引起很大的反響。

制作N95防护罩; Makers: The New Industrial Revolution《創客:新工業革命》《自造者:新工業革命》

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住在美国维吉尼亚州的杰里米,守着家里两台3D打印机24小时不间断地制作N95防护罩,希望在最短时间内送到一线。
“大家都听说了口罩严重短缺,所以我想帮他们提高口罩免受污染的可能,” 他说。
此外,杰里米坚持不收取任何费用,他认为对抗新冠病毒的医疗人员“都正面对着枪林弹雨般的威胁,他们不应该为此买单”。
杰里米和妻子艾米的这项防护罩计划在网上获得广大回响。 “最温暖的是这些反馈重新燃起我的信念,就是人们愿意共患难,这是我过去很难相信的,”杰里米说。





 Chris Anderson (May 2, 2013). "20 Years of Wired: Maker Movement"Wired magazine.

 Mauroner, O. (2017). "Makers, hackers, DIY-innovation, and the strive for entrepreneurial opportunities"International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business31 (1): 32–46. doi:10.1504/IJESB.2017.10004600.

The maker culture is a contemporary culture or subculture representing a technology-based extension of DIY culture[citation needed] that intersects with hacker culture (which is less concerned with physical objects as it focuses on software) and revels in the creation of new devices as well as tinkering with existing ones. The maker culture in general supports open-source hardware. Typical interests enjoyed by the maker culture include engineering-oriented pursuits such as electronicsrobotics3-D printing, and the use of Computer Numeric Control tools, as well as more traditional activities such as metalworkingwoodworking, and, mainly, its predecessor, traditional arts and crafts. The subculture stresses a cut-and-paste approach to standardized hobbyist technologies, and encourages cookbook re-use of designs published on websites and maker-oriented publications.[1][2] There is a strong focus on using and learning practical skills and applying them to reference designs.[3] There is also growing work on equity and the maker culture.

自造者(英語:Maker,又譯為「創客」)概念來源於英文Maker和Hacker兩詞的綜合釋義,它是指一群酷愛科技、熱衷實踐的人群,他們以分享技術、交流思想為樂,以自造者為主體的社區(Makerspace)則成了自造者文化的載體


隨著《連線》雜誌主編克里斯·安德森(克瑞斯·安德森 (作家))的《自造者:新工業革命》一書的熱賣,這一人群隨即引起了社會各界的目光。
《創客:新工業革命》北京:中信,2012

  • MAKERS―21世紀の産業革命が始まる、 ISBN 4140815760
  • 週刊 東洋経済 2013年 1/12号、 ASIN B00AQKDR6I
  • ものづくり革命 パーソナル・ファブリケーションの夜明け、ISBN 4797333146
  • メイカーズのエコシステム、ISBN 480209065X
Makers: The New Industrial Revolution is the third book written by Chris Anderson, Editor in chief of Wired magazine. The book was published on October 2, 2012, by Crown Business.[1] He is also the author of The Long Tail, published in 2006. Makers focuses on a new industrial revolution as modern entrepreneurs, using open source design and 3-D printing, bring manufacturing to the desktop.[2][3]
The book is largely based on his 2010 article, "In the Next Industrial Revolution, Atoms Are the New Bits".[4] The ideas he portrayed, such as crowdsourcing of ideas, utilization of available lower-cost design and manufacturing tools, and reviewing options to outsource capital-intensive manufacturing were highlighted in the February 2010 Harvard Business Review article, "From Do It Yourself to Do It Together".[5]

Overview[edit]

We’re now entering the third industrial revolution, Anderson said. The first one, which began with the spinning jenny in 1776, doubled the human life span and set population soaring. From the demographic perspective, "it’s as if nothing happened before the Industrial Revolution."
The next revolution was digital. Formerly industrial processes like printing were democratized with desktop publishing. The "cognitive surplus" of formerly passive consumers was released into an endless variety of personal creativity. Then distribution was democratized by the Web, which is "scale agnostic and credentials agnostic." Anyone can potentially reach 7 billion people.
The third revolution is digital manufacturing, which combines the gains of the first two revolutions. Factory robots, which anyone can hire, have become general purpose and extremely fast. They allow "lights-out manufacturing," that goes all night and all weekend.
"This will reverse the arrow of globalization," Anderson said. "The centuries of quest for cheaper labor is over. Labor arbitrage no longer drives trade." The advantages of speed and flexibility give the advantage to "locavore" manufacturing because "Closer is faster." Innovation is released from the dead weight of large-batch commitments. Designers now can sit next to the robots building their designs and make adjustments in real time.
— Stewart Brand, longnow.org[6]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Makers: The New Industrial Revolution Hardcover by Chris Anderson"goodreads.com. Retrieved 2014-11-15.
  2. ^ "Makers: The New Industrial Revolution Hardcover by Chris Anderson"amazon.com. Retrieved 2014-11-15.
  3. ^ Anderson, Chris (2010-01-25). "In the Next Industrial Revolution, Atoms Are the New Bits"wired.com. Retrieved 2014-11-15.
  4. ^ Schawbel, Dan (2012-04-10). "Chris Anderson: How the Makers Will Create a New Industrial Revolution"forbes.com. Retrieved 2014-11-15.
  5. ^ "From Do It Yourself to Do It Together"hbr.org. February 18, 2010. Retrieved 2014-11-15.
  6. ^ Brand, Stewart. "Desktop manufacturing changes world". longnow.org. Retrieved 2014-11-15.

External links[edit]

相關活動[編輯]

Maker Faire是為Maker打造的國際平台,通過嘉年華的形式,期待Maker能在快樂的氣氛中,分享作品並激發更多的創意。在台灣,由泰電電業-馥林文化引進並舉辦 Maker Faire Taipei,自2013年以來連續舉辦五屆Maker Faire Taipei,累積總參觀人數已經超過十萬人次。身為台灣連結創客教育與科技產業的最大平台,2017年更領先全球推出創客藝術展,表現台灣Maker融合深厚人文底蘊與趣味互動科技的創作實力。
大港自造節Mega Maker Day是南台灣最盛大的自造者節慶,由M.ZONE大港自造特區執行長楊育修先生策劃發起,自2016年舉辦至今,即將邁入第四屆於2019年十二月初,每年創造2萬多人次的佳績,讓南台灣的自造者運動持續蓬勃發展,主辦方M.ZONE自造者特區位於高雄駁二,擁有數十種幾具設備,是南台灣最大的自造者空間。

相關條目

《借味‧越讀─時光‧地景‧大度山》 林香伶主編、林香伶、林碧慧、朱衣仙、郭章裕編撰, 台北: 五南,2016

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借味‧越讀─時光‧地景‧大度山
作  者╱
林香伶主編、林香伶、林碧慧、朱衣仙、郭章裕編撰
出版社別╱
五南
書  系╱
國文系列
出版日期╱
2016/09/19   (1版 1刷)
 

I  S  B  N ╱
978-957-11-8770-9
書  號╱
1X8U
頁  數╱
208
開  數╱
25K
定  價╱
320
教學資源╱
投影片((外加))



與其說,這是一本大學國文的教科書,不如說是以大學校園故事跨時空、跨領域的借「味」與「越」讀。選取不拘一格的作品,經由越界閱讀的視角,體現文學書寫的多元性。

本書分「愛與冒險,腳前的燈,路上的光」、「風雨跫音,大肚山生態紀實」、「山林繪景,來自上天的祝福」、「盛夏,緋紅熾烈的青春」四個單元,收文二十四篇,以散文為主體,兩首新詩為綴飾,故事和情味為核心,讀者從中可領略不同作者與文體的書寫風格。

內容收錄的名家,除了編寫東海校歌的孫克寬教授外,也取得余光中、楊牧、蔣勳、周芬伶、宇文正、徐國能等知名作家的精彩宏文;而戴君仁、徐道鄰、鍾玲、林良恭、羅時瑋、許建崑、汪碧涵等在東海奉獻青春歲月,執教多年的學者,分別以不同的專業視野,娓娓道出他們在大度山上的研究發現、生活故事,更是不容錯過;至於楊富閔、林餘佐、許閔淳、藍舸方、劉致穎等人,都是中文系科班訓練下的寫作好手,這片土地給予他們寫作的養分,未來,值得期待。

林香伶
臺灣臺東人。國立臺灣師範大學國文學系博士。現任東海大學中國文學系教授,主持中區中文寫作中心計畫,致力推動中文翻轉教育。曾任東海大學教學資源中心主任,擅長國文題庫建置、創意思考與寫作教學,學術專長為中國文學史、古典詩詞、近現代文學。著有《反思•追索與新脈:南社研究外編》、《南社詩話考述》、《南社文學綜論》、《以詩為劍──唐代遊俠詩歌研究》、《詩話研究:詩學與文化》(合著)等學術專著數十種。

林碧慧
臺灣嘉義人。大學、碩士、博士皆畢業於東海大學中國文學系。現職東海大學華語教學中心助理教授,擔任教育部華語口語與表達閱卷評分委員。專長為對外華語教學、正音教學、認知語言學、古典小說研究。曾獲東海文學獎、臺中市政府繪本創作獎等。著有《「母親」原型認知研究:以《紅樓夢》為例》,與許建崑等人合編《古話新說:古典短篇小說選讀》。

朱衣仙
祖籍江西省鄱陽縣,出生於臺灣彰化。美國密西根州立大學藝術史碩士,德州大學奧斯汀分校圖書館與資訊科學碩士,輔仁大學比較文學博士。現任東海大學中國文學系副教授。專長為園林文學與美學、大陸當代文學、數位超文本(digital hypertext)文學、跨文化研究等。曾任職美國文化與資訊中心、臺北市立美術館等文化機構,兼任翻譯及獨立策展人。

郭章裕
臺灣新北市板橋人。國立政治大學中國文學系博士。現任東海大學中國文學系助理教授,曾任兒童文學讀物出版社編輯。主要研究古代賦學與文藝批評,開設文心雕龍、歷代文選、神話選讀等課程。著有《古代「雜文」的演變 :從〈文心雕龍〉到〈文苑英華〉》等學術著作。

主編序:校園青春夢/林香伶

愛與冒險,腳前的燈,路上的光/林香伶
〈四載山居〉 孫克寬
〈我兒子考上了東海〉 許建崑
〈有放光的種籽嗎?〉 周芬伶
〈東海夢憶〉 徐國能
〈新生〉 郭美宜
〈東海沒有觀光客〉 李貽峻

風雨跫音,大肚山生態記實/林碧慧
〈大度山上的風〉 徐道鄰
〈紫薇花對〉 蔣   勳
〈遠方有雨——記東海雨景〉 林餘佐
〈大肚山野鳥記事〉 林良恭
〈東海的樹〉 汪碧涵

山林繪景,來自上天的祝福/朱衣仙
〈約農路的鳳凰樹〉 吳   鳴
〈傾聽相思樹海的心跳〉 林俊義
〈金碧的相思林〉 鍾   玲
〈東海心‧大度情〉 羅時瑋
〈白宮〉  黃俊凱

盛夏,緋紅熾烈的青春/郭章裕
〈大度山山居記〉  戴君仁
〈又是風起的時候了〉 楊 牧
〈大度山懷人〉 余光中
〈脂肪球時光〉 宇文正
〈微整形〉 楊富閔
〈相思無語〉 劉致穎
〈最後你成為一幅畫〉 藍舸方
〈路徑〉 許閔淳


Freeman Dyson (1923~2020): The Scientist as Rebel《反叛的科學家》.casually wise, surprisingly earnest, and always attuned to the multiple layers of our human existence. The Sun, the Genome, and the Internet資 21世紀三事

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Through his correspondence, the renowned physicist revealed himself as a different sort of thinker—casually wise, surprisingly earnest, and always attuned to the multiple layers of our human existence.


NEWYORKER.COM

Freeman Dyson’s Letters Offer Another Glimpse of Genius
Through his correspondence, the renowned physicist revealed himself


2020.2.29

Freeman Dyson (15 December 1923 – 28 February 2020)
Obituaries











Freeman Dyson Dies at 96; Wrestled With Questions of Physics and Morality

Over his extensive career, Dyson applied elegant mathematics to aspects of nuclear engineering, biology, astrophysics and solid state physics — the study of solid matter.


In popular culture, Dyson is most famous for his thought experiments on space travel and future civilizations.





PBS.ORG

Pioneering theoretical physicist Freeman Dyson dies at 96


We're saddened by the death of prominent physicist Freeman Dyson. We want to help celebrate his life and his work by sharing this story he wrote for us in 2006. In it, he recalls the time he spent developing analytical methods to help the British Royal Air Force bomb German targets during World War II.










Prominent physicist Freeman Dyson recalls the time he spent developing analytical methods to help the British Royal Air Force bomb German targets during World War II.













TECHNOLOGYREVIEW.COM



A Failure of Intelligence










Here are some of our favorite quotes from Freeman Dyson, one of the foremost physicists of his generation who died Friday, at the age of 96.










One of the 20th century’s foremost physicists died today.













TECHNOLOGYREVIEW.COM



Freeman Dyson in his own words






2017.12.27
Ben Chen



紀念廣義相對論誕生一百年,Freeman Dyson的致詞。

量子力學,向前看!廣義相對論,向後看?


“Roughly speaking, quantum mechanics describes the universe when you look forward into the future and the theory gives you probabilities. General relativity describes the universe when you look backward into the past and the theory gives you facts. Probabilities describe the future. Facts describe the past. Quantum mechanics and general relativity together give us a coherent view of nature with all its magical beauty and diversity. General relativity is half of the picture, and to my taste the more beautiful half.”

















A Toast to Einstein


Christmas Day, 1942, was the three hundredth birthday of Isaac Newton. I was then an undergraduate at Trinity College, Cambridge. Since Newton was our most famous fellow, the college organized a meeting to celebrate his…


IAS.EDU





Freeman Dyson




A wide-ranging interview with the legendary mathematical physicist Freeman Dyson in which he discusses his work…
YOUTUBE.COM


Freeman Dyson: Heretical Thoughts About Science and Society

Uploaded on Mar 30, 2010
Freeman Dyson with dry wit and self-effacing good humor explains that by heretical he means ideas that go against prevailing dogmas, and that in his self-appointed role as heretic, he is unimpressed by conventional wisdom.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8xFLjUt2leM#t=139

Freeman Dyson的著作,漢譯約7~8成。日本約9成。
我去年讀此書,主要目的是研究作者高中化學老師(後來創York 大學)。今天讀3篇,很精彩。晚上還比較一下日譯本。

The Scientist as Rebel By Freeman J. Dyson,New York Review Books (September 9, 2008)

Freeman  Dyson (弗里曼·戴森)著《反叛的科學家》(The Scientist as Rebel)蕭明波、楊光松譯,杭州:浙江大學出版社,2013

  • 『叛逆としての科学 本を語り、文化を読む22章』 柴田裕之訳、みすず書房、2008年6月。ISBN 978-4-622-07389-5科學作為一種"反叛"-----日譯本較早,有索引,不過比漢譯本少七篇。
英文版在《我的偶像崇拜》一文漏印一段;而「中國大陸近年翻譯出版的圖書質量已低劣到觸目驚心的程式。」 (蕭明波《譯後記》,頁395)

From Publishers Weekly

Starred Review. In an eclectic but deeply satisfying collection, Dyson, a prize-winning physicist and prolific author (Weapons and Hope), presents 33 previously published book reviews, essays and speeches (15 from the New York Review of Books). Dyson expresses his precise thinking in prose of crystal clarity, and readers will be absolutely enthralled by his breadth, his almost uncanny ability to tie diverse topics together and his many provocative statements. In the title essay, Dyson writes, "Science is an alliance of free spirits in all cultures rebelling against" the tyranny of their local cultures. In a 2006 review of Daniel Dennett's book, Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon, Dyson, himself a man of faith, takes issue with Dennett's quoting of physicist Stephen Weinberg that "for good people to do bad things—that takes religion." The converse is also true, says Dyson: "for bad people to do good things—that takes religion." Three of the best chapters (reprinted from Weapons and Hope) deal with the politics of the cold war. And his writings on Einstein, Teller, Newton, Oppenheimer, Norbert Wiener and Feynman will amuse while presenting deep insights into the nature of science and humanity. Virtually every chapter deserves to be savored. (Dec.)
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. --This text refers to the Hardcover edition.


The Scientist as Rebel book cover

From Booklist

Distinguished physicist Dyson is a clear and compelling writer, gifts highlighted in this collection of 33 previously published and frequently updated essays and reviews. Organized into sections on contemporary issues in science, war and peace, history of science and scientists, and personal and philosophical ruminations, these works demonstrate Dyson's far-ranging interests and skill in writing for educated and curious generalists, qualities that ensure this volume's wide appeal. Some readers may feel a thrill reading Dyson's comments on military strategy; others may prefer Dyson's thoughts on such physics-related people and issues as Isaac Newton, Edward Teller, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Richard Feynman, Norbert Wiener, and string theory. But whatever a reader's passion, Dyson's emphasis on rebels within science rather than upholders of the status quo makes the book especially satisfying. Steve Weinberg
Copyright © American Library Association. All rights reserved--This text refers to the Hardcover edition.


Freeman Dyson - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

 反叛的科學家 [平裝]~ 弗里曼•戴森(Freeman Dyson) (作者), 肖明波(譯者), 楊光松(譯者)出版社: 浙江大學出版社; 第1版(2013年6月1日)叢書名: 啟真•科學平裝: 396頁語種: 簡體中文開本: 16

《反叛的科學家》

內容簡介:從伽利略到今天的業餘天文觀測者,科學家們都有反叛精神,戴森如是說。在追求大自然真理時,他們受理性更受想像力的指引,他們最偉大的理論就具有偉大藝術作品的獨特性與美感。戴森以生動優美的語言講述了科學家在工作中的故事,從牛頓專心致志於物理學、煉金術、神學和政治,到盧瑟福發現原子結構,再到愛因斯坦固執地反對黑洞觀念。他還以切身經歷回憶了他的老師和朋友特勒與費曼等聰明絕頂的科學家。書裡充滿了有趣的逸事和對人心的深刻體察,反映了作者的懷疑精神。這組文章出自卓越的科學家同時也是文筆生動的作家之手,展現出對科學史的深刻洞察,以及當代人探討科學、倫理與信仰的新視角。

  內容簡介:

《反 叛的科學家》內容簡介:從伽利略到今天的業余天文觀測者,科學家們都有反叛精神,戴森如是說。在追求大自然真理時,他們受理性更受想象力的指引,他們最偉 大的理論就具有偉大藝術作品的獨特性與美感。戴森以生動優美的語言講述了科學家在工作中的故事,從牛頓專心致志于物理學、煉金術、神學和政治,到盧瑟福發 現原子結構,再到愛因斯坦固執地反對黑洞觀念。他還以切身經歷回憶了他的老師和朋友特勒與費曼等聰明絕頂的科學家。書里充滿了有趣的逸事和對人心的深刻體 察,反映了作者的懷疑精神。這組文章出自卓越的科學家同時也是文筆生動的作家之手,展現出對科學史的深刻洞察,以及當代人探討科學、倫理與信仰的新視角。

作者簡介:弗 里曼?戴森(Freeman Dyson,1923-),出生于英國。他早年追隨著名的數學家g. h. 哈代研究數學,二戰后去了美國,師從漢斯?貝特和理查德?費曼等人,開展物理學方面的研究工作。他證明了施溫格與朝永振一郎的變分法方法和費曼的路徑積分 法相互等價,為量子電動力學的建立作出了決定性的貢獻,是量子電動力學的第一代巨擘。后來,費曼、施溫格和朝永振一郎因為在量子電動力學方面的成就獲得了 1965年的諾貝爾物理獎,而戴森卻因獲獎人數的限制而與諾貝爾獎失之交臂。

圖書目錄:目  錄
譯本序(尹傳紅) 1
作者序 1
第一部分 當代科學中的問題
1 反叛的科學家 13
2 科學可以合乎道德嗎? 31
3 現代異教徒 46
4 未來需要我們 53
5 好一個大千世界! 68
6 一場悲劇的見證 83
第二部分 戰爭與和平
7 炸彈與土豆 89
8 將軍 94
9  俄羅斯人 112
10 和平主義者 125
11 軍備競賽結束了 144
12 理性的力量 150
13 血戰到底 157
第三部分 科學史與科學家
14 兩種歷史 177
15 愛德華 特勒的《回憶錄》 186
16 業餘科學家禮贊 192
17 老牛頓,新印象 205
18 時鐘的科學 219
19 弦上的世界 231
20 奧本海默:科學家、管理者與詩人 247
21 看到不可見的東西 263
22 一位天才人物的悲慘故事 276
23 智者 291
第四部分 個人與哲學隨筆
24 世界、肉體與魔鬼 309
25 實驗室里有上帝嗎? 327
26 我的偶像崇拜 338
27 百萬分之一的可能性 344
28 眾多世界 35
29    從局外看宗教
第五部分
書目注解
附錄: 一個保守的革命者
譯後記

目次



第1部 科学における現代の諸問題
第1章 叛逆者としての科学者
第2章 現代の異端者
第3章 未来は私たちを必要としている
第4章 なんと精妙な世界だろう!
第5章 悲劇の目撃者

第2部 戦争と平和
第6章 将軍たち
第7章 ロシア人たち
第8章 平和主義者たち
第9章 理性の力
第10章 最後の最後まで

第3部 科学史と科学者
第11章 二種類の歴史
第12章 アマチュアを称えて
第13章 時計仕掛けの科学
第14章 今ひもとかれる世界
第15章 科学者、管理者、詩人としてのオッペンハイマー
第16章 見えざるものを見る
第17章 ある天才の悲劇

第4部 私的小論と哲学的小論
第18章 世界と肉体と悪魔
第19章 神は研究室にいるのか
第20章 100万回に1回
第21章 多世界
第22章 外側から見た宗教

訳者あとがき
初出一覧
原注
索引


《反叛的科學家》,弗里曼·戴森著,肖明波、楊光松譯,浙江大學出版社2013年6月出版
■尹傳紅
跟斯蒂芬·霍金和幾年前過世的約翰·惠勒類似,今年已九十歲高齡的弗里曼·戴森身上雖沒有諾貝爾獎的光環罩著,但在物理學界卻也是大師級的人物,其地位和影響與諾獎得主相比絲毫不差。
早些時候有一種說法,認為戴森在量子電動力學理論方面所做的重要工作,理應獲得諾貝爾獎,至少應該獲得比現在更高的榮譽。
當然,不乏另外一種解讀。一部介紹普林斯頓高等研究院及其科學大師們的著作《誰得到了愛因斯坦的辦公室》,對戴森有這樣一番議論:“他不能投注全部心力只做一件事。他既是粒子物理學家,又是天體物理學家,還是理論數學家。”
而戴森本人則這樣為自己開脫:“我腦子沒有年輕人快,跟他們一起湊這個熱鬧(指超弦研究)不太明智,所以,我選擇做一點不太時髦的工作,比方說研究生命的起源。”有一次他還向人發問:“你去過劍橋嗎?那兒到處都是瘋子——一幫怪物和獨行客,成天琢磨著幹一件很難卻又能名垂青史的大事。他們瘋狂有什麼不對嗎?大自然就是瘋子。我倒希望高等研究院能多一些瘋子。”

戴森的幾部作品——《宇宙波瀾:科技與人類前途的自省》、《全方位的無限:生命為什麼如此復雜》、《太陽、基因組與互聯網:科學革命的工具》、《想像中的世界》和《反叛的科學家》,都有了中譯本,而且頗受歡迎。其文字優雅飄逸,思想深邃奔放,個人風格印記彰顯。

戴森很注重也很善於講“故事”。他論述的主題往往由自己的一段親身經歷或體驗展開,有時甚至還鋪以相當翔實的細節描述。他說過,“要明白科學以及它和社會互動的本質,你必須檢視個別的科學家,以及他面對周遭世界所抱持的態度。研究由科學所衍生之倫理問題的最佳途徑,是實地了解科學家所面臨的一些進退兩難的現實窘境。再則,鑑於第一手資料往往是最可信賴的,我就由自己的親身經歷寫起”。

戴森喜歡拿科幻小說來說事講理,做案例分析,並以此比照和評價科學事實,這也是其作品內涵豐富、可讀性強且頗具啟發意義的一個十分顯著的特色。他把自己從事的科學稱為“自己的領域”,而將科幻小說當做“我的夢想家園”。他認為科幻小說比科學本身更能讓人明白易懂,且可以“顯示有人情味的輸出”。這通常要“比任何統計分析都高明,因為真知灼見需要想像”。

我想,戴森其人及作品之所以富有情趣、魅力十足,主要是因為:第一,他對科學的本質洞察入微,對科學的思維方式也有精深的理解;第二,他涉獵廣泛、視野開闊、思想曠達;第三,他具備深厚的哲學素養和濃郁的人文情懷;第四,他個性鮮明、見解獨特,而且善於表達。

作為一位深具遠見卓識與人文情懷的智者,戴森常常還拋開職業褊狹與門戶之見,在作品中探討戰爭與和平、自由與責任、希望與絕望等事關人類前途和命運的倫理問題,時有發人深思之論、促人警醒之語。他相信,在科學進步的同時如果沒有倫理的進步,那麼科學注定要把巨大的困惑和災難帶給人類。儘管他往往是從自己熟悉的科學角度記述和描繪未來,但他並不主張科學是唯一有權威的聲音。他告誡說,科學與宗教一樣,其權力也常常被濫用。 “只有宗教的呼聲與科學的呼聲加到一起時,倫理所關心的事情才會超越人類眼前的利益。”

戴森還在其多部作品中“檢討”科學的過失,感慨科學與技術的發展結果難以預料,我們都缺乏高瞻遠矚的智慧來判定哪條路會通向滅亡與沈淪。他甚至坦言,科學應該為一些嚴重的社會問題乃至罪惡的產生承擔責任——這是他的大多數科學家同行不願意接受的觀點,但戴森為人著文思想境界之脫俗、高遠,由此可見一斑。
《中國科學報》 (2013-06-21 第14版讀書)












The Scientist as Rebel

There is no such thing as a unique scientific vision, any more than there is a unique poetic vision. Science is a mosaic of partial and conflicting visions. But there is one common element in these visions. The common element is rebellion against the restrictions imposed by the locally prevailing culture, Western or Eastern as the case may be. The vision of science is not specifically Western. It is no more Western than it is Arab or Indian or Japanese or Chinese. Arabs and Indians and Japanese and Chinese had a big share in the development of modern science. And two thousand years earlier, the beginnings of ancient science were as much Babylonian and Egyptian as Greek. One of the central facts about science is that it pays no attention to East and West and North and South and black and yellow and white. It belongs to everybody who is willing to make the effort to learn it. And what is true of science is also true of poetry. Poetry was not invented by Westerners. India has poetry older than Homer. Poetry runs as deep in Arab and Japanese culture as it does in Russian and English. Just because I quote poems in English, it does not follow that the vision of poetry has to be Western. Poetry and science are gifts given to all of humanity.
For the great Arab mathematician and astronomer Omar Khayyam, science was a rebellion against the intellectual constraints of Islam, a rebellion which he expressed more directly in his incomparable verses:
And that inverted Bowl they call the Sky,
Whereunder crawling cooped we live and die,
Lift not your hands to It for help,
   —for it
As impotently rolls as you or I.
For the first generations of Japanese scientists in the nineteenth century, science was a rebellion against their traditional culture of feudalism. For the great Indian physicists of this century, Raman, Bose, and Saha, science was a double rebellion, first against English domination and second against the fatalistic ethic of Hinduism. And in the West, too, great scientists from Galileo to Einstein have been rebels. Here is how Einstein himself described the situation:

When I was in the seventh grade at the Luitpold Gymnasium in Munich, I was summoned by my home-room teacher who expressed the wish that I leave the school. To my remark that I had done nothing amiss, he replied only, “Your mere presence spoils the respect of the class for me.”
Einstein was glad to be helpful to the teacher. He followed the teacher’s advice and dropped out of school at the age of fifteen.
From these and many other examples we see that science is not governed by the rules of Western philosophy or Western methodology. Science is an alliance of free spirits in all cultures rebelling against the local tyranny that each culture imposes on its children. Insofar as I am a scientist, my vision of the universe is not reductionist or anti-reductionist. I have …

Dancing With the Stars



Published: January 7, 2007

In June 1948, as Jack Kerouac was recovering from another of the amphetamine-fueled joy rides immortalized in “On the Road,” Freeman Dyson, a young British physicist studying at Cornell, set off on a road trip of a different kind. Bound for Albuquerque with the loquacious Richard Feynman, the Neal Cassady of physics, at the wheel, the two scientists talked nonstop about the morality of nuclear weapons and, when they had exhausted that subject, how photons dance with electrons to produce the physical world. The hills and prairies that Dyson, still new to America, was admiring from the car window, the thunderstorm that stranded him and Feynman overnight in Oklahoma — all of nature’s manifestations would be understood on a deeper level once the bugs were worked out of an unproven idea called quantum electrodynamics, or QED.


William E. Sauro/The New York Times
“One brick at a time”: Freeman Dyson at Princeton, 1972.

THE SCIENTIST AS REBEL

By Freeman Dyson.
360 pp. New York Review Books. $27.95.

Readers’ Opinions

Forum: Book News and Reviews

Dyson recounted the journey years later in “Disturbing the Universe,” contrasting Feynman’s Beat-like soliloquies on particles and waves with the mannered presentations (“more technique than music”) he heard later that summer from the Harvard physicist Julian Schwinger. On a Greyhound bus crossing Nebraska — Dyson had fallen in love with the American highway — he had an epiphany: his two colleagues were talking, in different languages, about the same thing.
It was a pivotal moment in the history of physics. With their contrasting visions joined into a single theory, Feynman, Schwinger and the Japanese scientist Sin-Itiro Tomonaga were honored in 1965 with a Nobel Prize, one that some think Dyson deserved a piece of.
In “The Scientist as Rebel,” a new collection of essays (many of them reviews first published in The New York Review of Books), he sounds content with his role as a bridge builder. “Tomonaga and Schwinger had built solid foundations on one side of a river of ignorance,” he writes. “Feynman had built solid foundations on the other side, and my job was to design and build the cantilevers reaching out over the water until they met in the middle.”
Drawing on this instinct for unlikely connections, Dyson has become one of science’s most eloquent interpreters. From his perch at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, he followed “Disturbing the Universe,” a remembrance of physics in the making, with “Infinite in All Directions,” his exuberant celebration of the universe, and other books like “Weapons and Hope,” “Imagined Worlds” and “The Sun, the Genome and the Internet” — speculations on how science and technology might one day ennoble humanity, eliminating war and poverty, if only we can avoid blowing ourselves up.
Science, Dyson says, is an inherently subversive act. Whether overturning a longstanding idea (Heisenberg upending causality with quantum mechanics, Gödel smashing the pure platonic notion of mathematical decidability) or marshaling the same disdain for received political wisdom (Galileo, Andrei Sakharov), the scientific ethic — stubbornly following your nose where it leads you — is a threat to establishments of all kinds. He quotes the biologist J. B. S. Haldane: “Let him beware of him in whom reason has become the greatest and most terrible of the passions.”
It’s debatable whether anyone’s book reviews — even those as thoughtfully discursive as Dyson’s — belong embalmed between covers, but “The Scientist as Rebel” can be perused for a sampling of his iconoclastic takes on a science that sometimes seems to be turning into an establishment of its own. So much has been written about the grand quest to unite quantum mechanics and general relativity into a theory of everything — “to reduce physics,” as Dyson puts it, “to a finite set of marks on paper” — that it’s bracing to consider his minority view: that the existence of a compact set of almighty equations may be a dogma in itself.
“As a conservative, I do not agree that a division of physics into separate theories for large and small is unacceptable,” he wrote in a review republished here of Brian Greene’s book “The Fabric of the Cosmos.” “I am happy with the situation in which we have lived for the last 80 years, with separate theories for the classical world of stars and planets and the quantum world of atoms and electrons.”
It’s jarring at first to hear the Scientist as Rebel describing himself as a conservative. But that’s Dyson: as resistant to categorization as the universe his colleagues are trying to mathematicize. “In the history of science,” he writes, “there is always a tension between revolutionaries and conservatives, between those who build grand castles in the air and those who prefer to lay one brick at a time on solid ground.”
Dyson, the brick layer, comes down on the side of Baconian science, built piecemeal from scraps rather than deduced through pure Cartesian thought, a science driven more by new tools — microscopes, particle accelerators, gene sequencers — than new ideas. In contrast to the science of Athens, as he drew the distinction in “Infinite in All Directions,” he prefers the science of Manchester, where Ernest Rutherford, cobbling together a picture of the nucleus, complained of theorists who “play games with their symbols” while “we turn out the real facts of Nature.”
In a science of unifiers, Dyson prides himself as a diversifier. “I gazed at the stars as a young boy,” he once wrote. “That’s what science means to me. It’s not theories about stars; it’s the actual stars that count.”

George Johnson’s books include “Strange Beauty: Murray Gell-Mann and the Revolution in 20th-Century Physics.”
21世紀三事 台北:商務 贈送品

這本21世紀三事的翻譯或原文
在提到Richard Tawney 是有問題的
因為標準的名字是
Tawney, R. H. (1880-1962). Tawney made a significant impact in four interrelated roles, as Christian socialist, social philosopher, educationalist, and economic historian. In 1908 he became the first tutorial class teacher in an agreement between the Workers' Educational Association and Oxford University. The classes he took became renowned for their excellence. As a socialist, he wrote Secondary Education for All (1922), which informed Labour policy for a generation. His two most influential books, The Acquisitive Society (1921) and Equality (1931), exercised a profound influence on socialists in Britain and abroad and anticipated the welfare state. Tawney was also a professor of economic history from 1931, having made his reputation with Religion and the Rise of Capitalism (1926).




The Sun, the Genome,
and the Internet


by
Freeman Dyson

To purchase The Sun, the Genome, and the Internet


Title:The Sun, the Genome, and the Internet
Author:Freeman Dyson
Genre:Science
Written:1999
Length:134 pages
Availability:The Sun, the Genome, and the Internet- US
.The Sun, the Genome, and the Internet- UK
.The Sun, the Genome, and the Internet- Canada
.Le soleil, le génome et Internet- France
.Die Sonne, das Genom und das Internet- Deutschland

  • Tools of Scientific Revolutions
  • Based on Lectures given at the New York Public Library in 1997, and published in conjunction with the NYPL.

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Our Assessment:
B : interesting ideas, well conveyed -- but far too little.
See our review for fuller assessment.



Review Summaries
SourceRatingDateReviewer
NatureA-29/4/1999Walter Gratzer
New ScientistA-26/6/1999Marcus Chown
Technology ReviewA-9-10/1999Wade Roush

From the Reviews:
  • "You may not always agree with Dyson's view of the future, but this fascinating book by one of the great scientific visionaries of our time will certainly make you think" - Marcus Chown, New Scientist
  • "Dyson's arguments are illuminating even if his strictures are sometimes less than just," - Walter Gratzer, Nature
  • "It's been a long time since a respectable scientist voiced such grand aspirations in print, making Dyson's book refreshing and thought-provoking, if a bit farfetched." - Wade Roush, Technology Review

Please note that these ratings solely represent the complete review's biased interpretation and subjective opinion of the actual reviews and do not claim to accurately reflect or represent the views of the reviewers. Similarly the illustrative quotes chosen here are merely those the complete review subjectively believes represent the tenor and judgment of the review as a whole. We acknowledge (and remind and warn you) that they may, in fact, be entirely unrepresentative of the actual reviews by any other measure.
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The complete review's Review:
We have always admired Freeman Dyson highly. A talented scientist with many interests he has also managed to convey his interests and thoughts in his thoughtful and accessible writing. From the brilliant (and brilliantly titled) Disturbing the Universe to the present he has never failed to be provocative and insightful -- and to express himself well.
This small book, based on lectures given at the New York Public Library in 1997 again allow him to share his interesting thoughts with a wider audience. Meandering about through three chapters Dyson discusses the tools of scientific revolutions (so the subtitle of the book). Suggesting how science advances and could advance in the future, as well as the unexpected consequences of advancement, Dyson offers his broad and unusual perspective on significant questions facing the world.
Dyson's greatest asset as a scientist and thinker is his openness to all possibilities. He understands that the unexpected is often the most likely of outcomes, and he is prepared to entertain that and most other possibilities. Dyson does not insist on being right, as so many scientists do, or get bogged down in a single idea. He truly is interested in the big picture, and is more than willing to acknowledge when he strays down the wrong path (as he does here in cheerfully recounting his 1985 guesses as to the three most important technologies of the coming century).
Dyson is also a humanist in the broadest sense of the word. His writing always shows his humanist background (nowhere more clearly than in Disturbing the Universe, though it is also evident hear). In addition (though perhaps one should suggest that it is something that one should expect from a scientist, as well as a humanist) his great concern for the true betterment of the human condition comes to the fore here. For Dyson one of the marvels of science is that it can make life so much better for so many, and one of his goals is to help in that regard. In this small book he also gives some examples of what has been -- and what can and should be -- done to better the conditions of the world's population.
Dyson's thoughts are always intriguing, his examples well-chosen and fascinating. He is an admirable fellow, and this is an admirable book. Our one regret is that there is so little of it, that he breezes through these topics, touching on them but not going into great detail. Nevertheless, we can recommend it for anyone interested in the future, and the possibilities before us.
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The Sun, the Genome, and the Internet:
Reviews:
Freeman Dyson:
Other books by Dyson under review:
Other books of interest under review:
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Freeman Dyson is Professor Emeritus of Physics at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton University. Winner of the National Book Critics Circle Award, he has written numerous works. He is also the father of Esther, who gets a lot of press of her own. In 2000 he was awarded the Templeton Prize for Progress in Religion -- a payday worth almost a million dollars.
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Jane Smiley, the ancient city of Bergamo

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Jane Smiley (born September 26, 1949) is an American novelist. She won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1992 for her novel A Thousand Acres (1991).


Contents
1Biography
1.1Career
2Awards
3Works
3.1Novels
3.2Short story collections
3.3Non-fiction books
3.4Young adult novels
4References
5External links
Biography[edit]

Born in Los Angeles, California, Smiley grew up in Webster Groves, Missouri, a suburb of St. Louis, and graduated from Community School and from John Burroughs School. She obtained a BA in literature at Vassar College (1971), then earned an MA (1975), MFA (1976), and PhD (1978) from the University of Iowa.[1] While working toward her doctorate, she also spent a year studying in Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar. From 1981 to 1996 she was a Professor of English at Iowa State University,[1] teaching undergraduate and graduate creative writing workshops. In 1996, she relocated to California. She returned to teaching creative writing at the University of California, Riverside, in 2015.
Career[edit]

Smiley published her first novel, Barn Blind, in 1980, and won a 1985 O. Henry Award for her short story "Lily", which was published in The Atlantic Monthly. Her best-selling A Thousand Acres, a story based on William Shakespeare's King Lear, received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1992. It was adapted into a film of the same title in 1997. Her novella The Age of Grief was made into the 2002 film The Secret Lives of Dentists. Her essay "Feminism Meets the Free Market" was included in the 2006 anthology Mommy Wars [2] by Washington Post writer Leslie Morgan Steiner. Her essay "Why Bother?" appears in the anthology Knitting Yarns: Writers on Knitting, published by W. W. Norton & Company in 2013. Thirteen Ways of Looking at the Novel (2005), is a non-fiction meditation on the history and the nature of the novel, somewhat in the tradition of E. M. Forster's seminal Aspects of the Novel, that roams from eleventh century Japan's Murasaki Shikibu's The Tale of Genji to 21st-century American women's literature.

In 2001, Smiley was elected a member of The American Academy of Arts and Letters. She has participated in the annual Los Angeles Times Festival of Books, the Cheltenham Festival, the National Book Festival, the Hay Festival of Literature and the Arts, and many others. She won the PEN USA Lifetime Achievement Award in 2006,[3] and chaired the judges' panel for the prestigious Man Booker International Prize in 2009.[4]

Jonathan Franzen, author of The Corrections (2001), considers Smiley's book The Greenlanders to be greatly underappreciated and among the best works of contemporary American fiction.[5]

Jane Smiley speaking at the Vancouver Writers Fest on her 2014 novel, Some Luck

Smiley's most recent works are a trilogy of novels about an Iowa family over the course of generations. The first novel of the trilogy, Some Luck, was published in 2014 by Random House.[6] The second volume followed in the spring of 2015, and the third volume in the fall of 2015.
Awards[edit]

In 2006 Jane Smiley received the Fitzgerald Award for Achievement in American Literature award which is given annually in Rockville Maryland, the city where Fitzgerald, his wife, and his daughter are buried as part of the F. Scott Fitzgerald Literary Festival.
Works[edit]
Novels[edit]
Barn Blind (1980)
At Paradise Gate (1981)
Duplicate Keys (1984)
The Greenlanders (1988)
A Thousand Acres (1991)
Moo (1995)
The All-True Travels and Adventures of Lidie Newton (1998)
Horse Heaven (2000)
Good Faith (2003)
Ten Days in the Hills (2007)
Private Life (2010)
Some Luck (2014)
Early Warning (April, 2015)
Golden Age (October 20, 2015)
Short story collections[edit]
The Age of Grief (1987)
Ordinary Love & Good Will (1989)
Non-fiction books[edit]
Catskill Crafts (1988)
Charles Dickens (2003)
A Year at the Races: Reflections on Horses, Humans, Love, Money, and Luck (2004)
Thirteen Ways of Looking at the Novel (2005)
The Man Who Invented The Computer (2010)
Young adult novels[edit]
The Georges and the Jewels (2009)
A Good Horse (2010)
True Blue (2011)
Pie in the Sky (2012)
Gee Whiz (2013)



圖書
Ten days in the hills / Jane Smiley.
Smiley, Jane.
2007.

可在 總圖書館 總圖2F人社資料區 (PS3569.M39 T46 2007)獲得


館藏已從我的最愛中刪除


5





圖書
Private life : a novel / Jane Smiley.
Smiley, Jane.
c2010.

可在 總圖書館 總圖2F人社資料區 (PS3569.M39 P75 2010)獲得


館藏已從我的最愛中刪除


6





圖書
A thousand acres : a novel / Jane Smiley.
Smiley, Jane.
c2003.
Jane Smiley's A thousand acres : a reader's guide / Susan Farrell.
Farrell, Susan Elizabeth, 1963-
2001.




---the ancient city of Bergamo
In 1950 in Bergamo he made his debut in staged opera, conducting Verdi's "Traviata," which he conducted again the next year with Maria Callas and Renata Tebaldi, no less, alternating the role of Violetta. Mr. Giulini would become a notable colleague of Callas's.
In Bergamo, Mr. Giulini came to the attention of Toscanini and, more significantly, Victor de Sabata, who immediately took Mr. Giulini to La Scala, where in 1953 he succeeded de Sabata as principal conductor.









In the June Light of Northern Italy, the Bliss of Bergamo
By JANE SMILEY



For the novelist Jane Smiley, the ancient city of Bergamo was a lesson in being unprepared.
















全球疫情最為嚴重的國家意大利週五再次突破了單日死亡人數最多的記錄。過去24小時內,該國報告了超過950例死亡病例,累計死亡人數達到9134人,全球最高。時報記者和攝影師訪問了遭受疫情打擊最為嚴重的貝加莫地區,用鏡頭記錄下危機中心的情景。




意大利单日死亡近千,全球仅有记录。https://rfi.my/5d0Y.f

王文興;《小說墨餘》與智者為伍:我的訪談因緣 ◎單德興;楊索: 【潛行者】

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讀台大外文系的時候,我最討厭王文興了。 因為我最討厭會點名的課,台大耶,拜託喔。
我最喜歡畢安生老師的法文課了,從大二的法文1修到大四的法文3,我連續當了三年畢老師的學生,應該跟他見不到十次面。
到法文3的時候,上課老師和學生全講法文,有夠難的。我簡直突然降臨巴黎,完全鴨子聽雷。因為即使到現在,我的法文還是停留在Bon Jour 的程度。
畢老師對我簡直是春風化雨,我這麼混,他還是讓我過,讓我一直修到法文3。我還記得他總是瞅著我,開玩笑的咕噥一段法文。我只聽得懂Mickey這個字啦,他說,他知道我一直在排戲導戲,所以不算是翹課。
王文興老師的小說選讀,必修課,120個人喔。每一堂課都點名,每個人都叫起來問同樣的問題。
這個句子代表什麼? 作者想要寫什麼? 同學你覺得呢。
薄薄一本麥田捕手,一整年都沒上完,我覺得煩死了。
老了之後,經過一些旅路的跋涉,我懂了王文興老師當年上課的深情與真意。



2020年1月21日 星期二

王文興《小說墨餘》:楊索【關於散文,純粹偏見】

王文興《小說墨餘》台北:洪範,2002。序文有「......散文主要就是音樂。...... 音樂,或亦謂風格可也。........」
楊索【關於散文,純粹偏見】引王文興二次,她是王文興研究專家。

我最近在與文友討論時說:【文白交錯,是故友彭淮棟的文章的小缺點。但是他幾乎只讀古文。另一位有成的,是王文興的散文。要有範本涵養其中。張華以前說余秋雨的,好。我因為沒翻譯文學類,可以稍不講究。



【關於散文,純粹偏見】
王文興先生說:「散文就是音樂。」這句話我吞吐了很久,才漸漸有一些體會。
我寫散文有些年了,可能此文體近似我的性情體質,隨意散漫,因此或也不長進,寫得薄淡潦草。散文易寫難精,這是寫過的人領略的。
「精」這字很奧妙,有點像台諺:「捏怕死,放驚飛。」極致散文如青鳥,一生見一回是極樂之幸了。凡創作要成精,我覺得稟賦第一。老天爺特別鍾愛某人、賞其仙果,這是沒辦法計較的事,沒必要像薩利耶滿腔妒火,不過,莫札特確實也令人惱怒,他喝杯咖啡的時間即能成就一曲經典,如此的創作靈感,莫札特說也不曉得如何形成,「像我的大鼻子,天生如此。」
散文類是文字技藝,我讀過的散文也有一些,但是對過度錘鍊求精的作品,坦白說,讀來總是不自在。在針尖跳芭蕾舞,固然是高難度炫技,然若通篇刻意雕琢,像散步戴貴重珠寶,總少了逸趣。
我很怕美文。美文不一定只在擇詞揀字,而是一種匠心或姿態;一點點心思,兩句話或兩步路走完的距離卻遠兜遠轉,漫天花雨寫一整本。這方面我倒是嗅覺靈敏,從青春期閱讀開始,我自然避開了這群享有盛名的大家。
華麗散文能士,台灣也有,揮灑之間的文氣才情、露珠碎雨淋漓,妙在一氣呵成,而非反覆修改,讀者自然能受行文力道所引,讀畢如入秘境嘆不虛此行。
寫散文門檻很低,臉書時代人人能寫,妙手在民間,偶遇時讚嘆無比。資賦雖異,有人就是天仙,但也不是凡夫民女就無法修成正果,我認為,性情其實勝過色貌,看明了自己的本色,獦獠身即獦獠身,劈柴顧灶的惠能或就贏在長年勞動實作。
寫字做為一種行業是一條乏味漫長的路,應酬喧嘩不屬於孤獨耕地的人。寫作一定要安靜獨處,不宜婚姻生活、柴米油鹽,生兒育女會拖累作家以及可憐的家人。回到散文,散文創作者承受了行內許多歧視,詩是聖堂;小說是城堡,散文嘛,是有屋頂的草寮。
王文興先生寫小說,每日30字,寫散文可1500字。確實有差別態度,但散文重在墨氣酣暢,氣定神閒大筆直落、留白空缺反而有餘味。
散文的音樂性除了文字揚抑挫頓、手筆篇章貴乎自然久成風格。風格的形成太神秘了。寫字者千萬不可掉以輕心,保持一種恆久的銳利清醒、緊張感與速度感。還有,寫什麼都不能把文字工具化,它是小惡魔,會倒寫你。
本文刊於蘋果名采




【潛行者】
昨天虛耗一日整理文件、筆記、信札。囤積時日已久,部份已漫漶。忽抽出一信,封緘寫著「台灣大學外文系三O四室 王」。字體剛勁、收放猶似運足氣。
短箋內容是:
楊索小姐─
你的散文我讀了。人間的悲慘,使我半天講不出話來。你的文字很通順,但更好的是表達十分簡截。全文可分journalism和Literture兩部份看。journalism不是不好,但標準不是太高,盡職就好。你文中文學的部份有:工作地點只離家隔一道河,但望著隔岸燈火,你不願回家....,及「我一直以母親為恥」,等等。這都是很好的部份,因為是大無畏的心理描寫。文學要的是真,這些地方寫得不能再真了。望你常常發揮此等文學的優點,用毫無遮飾的眼光,看四方上下的大千世界,不論一己的,他人的,都用穿透的眼光來看,則所寫,必皆屬文學了。筆安
王文興十二、十二
信的年份是1998。來由一定是我做了文青行為,將自己不成熟的創作給長者看,而他真讀了,並勞神回覆。換我自己,可能不會做同樣的事。對一個講究慢讀慢寫的人,白日時光多珍貴有限,然,王老師卻願意這樣看待一個尚未入行的人。
我與王老師喝過一兩杯咖啡,那時我還是記者,雖知曉他是名家,但因我平時天天接觸很多人,不會生畏,只覺王老師親切、自然。他說每句話每個字,似乎都鐵板釘釘,確定無歧義才吐出來。那時期多見到政客,很少和一個儒雅的人聊那麼愉快。
大約是第二次見面時,我拿了自己的文章請他指正,想來我的舉止真魯莽、大膽。可是更令我驚詫的是,他說到《背海的人》下冊已完稿,將把影印本寄一份給我,讓我先讀。一段時間以後,影印手寫稿果然寄到。我去書店買了上冊,斷斷續續讀著,王老師的書要很靜很靜,最好已熟悉詹姆士‧喬伊斯作品者,才能讀入味。他高估我了,書稿放很久,心中總一事未了。
此後沒有與王老師保持聯繫,偶爾在教堂遇見他,我也遠遠停住,不想干擾他。王老師出入中西經典,他的散文,文字精鍊、意象悠渺,一篇〈明月夜〉,我咀嚼許久。他寫出的經典,輪不到我說。
沒想到去年與他同台,汗顏極了。那是文訊大手筆的活動,我參與的那梯次有多位名家,王老師在其中,讓我十分忐忑。活動前大家在樓下喝茶,一群人口沫橫飛,瘦小的王老師走進來時,滿室突然靜了,所有的人都站起來。
當天活動安排每位講者只有十一分鐘,王老師解析唐寅詩作〈畫雞〉,「頭上紅冠不用裁 滿身雪白走將來 平生不敢輕言語 一叫千門萬戶開」。他準備了power point,時間剛好控制在十一分鐘,從詩的明喻、暗喻到詩人本深,說得淋漓透徹。
我回味很久詩的況味。平生不敢輕言語的王老師,是台灣文壇少見的潛行者,他寫書或許不存在想像中的讀者。他反覆打磨語言,以字句雕刻時光。終成一書把示君時,他心中是何意興?
寫這則臉書,我多少僭越了。幾近二十年,我沒寫出甚麼可留下來的字句,辜負他曾費時回信。
想起華裔作家李翊雲一回受訪談到台灣,她說:「台灣人的眼界,我不敢恭維。」我看了憤怒、沉思,又覺得站在外圍也被打著。偶見王老師浮出水面時,心中慶幸台灣還好有他以及二三子。
圖/目宿媒體

【潛行者】 昨天虛耗一日整理文件、筆記、信札。囤積時日已久,部份已漫漶。忽抽出一信,封緘寫著「台灣大學外文系三O四室  王」。字體剛勁、收放猶似運足氣。  短箋內容是:楊索小姐─ 你的散文我讀了。人間的悲慘,使我半天講不出話來。你的文字很通順,但更好的是表達十分簡截。全文可分journalism和Literture兩部份看。journalism不是不好,但標準不是太高,盡職就好。你文中文學的部份有:工作地點只離家隔一道河,但望著隔岸燈火,你不願回家....,及「我一直以母親為恥」,等等。這都是很好的部份,因為是大無畏的心理描寫。文學要的是真,這些地方寫得不能再真了。望你常常發揮此等文學的優點,用毫無遮飾的眼光,看四方上下的大千世界,不論一己的,他人的,都用穿透的眼光來看,則所寫,必皆屬文學了。筆安                 王文興十二、十二   信的年份是1998。來由一定是我做了文青行為,將自己不成熟的創作給長者看,而他真讀了,並勞神回覆。換我自己,可能不會做同樣的事。對一個講究慢讀慢寫的人,白日時光多珍貴有限,然,王老師卻願意這樣看待一個尚未入行的人。  我與王老師喝過一兩杯咖啡,那時我還是記者,雖知曉他是名家,但因我平時天天接觸很多人,不會生畏,只覺王老師親切、自然。他說每句話每個字,似乎都鐵板釘釘,確定無歧義才吐出來。那時期多見到政客,很少和一個儒雅的人聊那麼愉快。  大約是第二次見面時,我拿了自己的文章請他指正,想來我的舉止真魯莽、大膽。可是更令我驚詫的是,他說到《背海的人》下冊已完稿,將把影印本寄一份給我,讓我先讀。一段時間以後,影印手寫稿果然寄到。我去書店買了上冊,斷斷續續讀著,王老師的書要很靜很靜,最好已熟悉詹姆士‧喬伊斯作品者,才能讀入味。他高估我了,書稿放很久,心中總一事未了。  此後沒有與王老師保持聯繫,偶爾在教堂遇見他,我也遠遠停住,不想干擾他。王老師出入中西經典,他的散文,文字精鍊、意象悠渺,一篇〈明月夜〉,我咀嚼許久。他寫出的經典,輪不到我說。  沒想到去年與他同台,汗顏極了。那是文訊大手筆的活動,我參與的那梯次有多位名家,王老師在其中,讓我十分忐忑。活動前大家在樓下喝茶,一群人口沫橫飛,瘦小的王老師走進來時,滿室突然靜了,所有的人都站起來。  當天活動安排每位講者只有十一分鐘,王老師解析唐寅詩作〈畫雞〉,「頭上紅冠不用裁 滿身雪白走將來 平生不敢輕言語 一叫千門萬戶開」。他準備了power point,時間剛好控制在十一分鐘,從詩的明喻、暗喻到詩人本深,說得淋漓透徹。  我回味很久詩的況味。平生不敢輕言語的王老師,是台灣文壇少見的潛行者,他寫書或許不存在想像中的讀者。他反覆打磨語言,以字句雕刻時光。終成一書把示君時,他心中是何意興?  寫這則臉書,我多少僭越了。幾近二十年,我沒寫出甚麼可留下來的字句,辜負他曾費時回信。  想起華裔作家李翊雲一回受訪談到台灣,她說:「台灣人的眼界,我不敢恭維。」我看了憤怒、沉思,又覺得站在外圍也被打著。偶見王老師浮出水面時,心中慶幸台灣還好有他以及二三子。   圖/目宿媒體
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與智者為伍:我的訪談因緣 ◎單德興首頁 


二○○七年十一月初,我接到好友李有成教授傳來一篇文章,名叫〈被惡鬼追趕〉(“Driven by Demons”)。聳動的標題立即吸引我的注意。原來這是土耳其小說家、二○○六年諾貝爾文學獎得主帕慕克(Orhan Pamuk) 在英國《衛報》上發表的文章,內容有關他與訪談錄的因緣。文中提到,三十年前,年方二十五的帕慕克為了一圓作家夢,離開當時就讀的建築學校,與母親住在伊 斯坦堡一間可以俯瞰博斯普魯斯海峽的公寓裡,正和生平第一本長篇小說奮鬥。既無土耳其作家朋友,又對第一部作品充滿不確定感,閉門寫作的帕慕克內心的孤單 與焦慮可想而知,不時思索著「我現在應該成為什麼樣的人?」

就是在如此焦慮不安、孤立無援的情境下,他首次讀到《巴黎評論》(Paris Review)上的美國小說家福克納(William Faulkner)的訪談錄,頓覺「振奮,彷彿無意間發現了一個神聖的文本」。帕慕克在文章中引用了讓他印象極為深刻的一段話。在回答要如何成為嚴肅的小說家時,福克納這位一九四九年諾貝爾文學獎得主說:

百分之九十九的才華⋯⋯百分之九十九的紀律⋯⋯百 分之九十九的努力。必須對自己的成果永遠不滿意,自己的作品永遠可以寫得更好,要求要有超乎自己水準的表現。不要只求勝過同輩或前人,要嘗試超越自己。藝 術家的身後都有一群惡鬼在追趕。他不知道為什麼惡鬼找上了他,通常也沒時間去思索其中的原因。只要能夠完成作品,不惜去搶、去借、去求、去偷,無所謂道德 不道德。⋯⋯作家唯一該做的就是對自己的藝術負責。(《文學心路》207)
這 些文字讓帕慕克大受鼓舞,於是設法取得企鵝出版社出版的所有《巴黎評論》訪談集,專心閱讀,盡情享受,尤其是當寫作遇到瓶頸時,更是以讀這些訪談錄解困, 「奮力重拾對寫作的信心,尋找自己的路」,因為在那些訪談錄中,作家們「談論自己的寫作習慣,這一行的祕密,寫作的方式,脆弱的時刻,以及克服困難的方 式。我需要儘快地從他們的經驗中學習。」也就是從這些前輩作家的訪談中,帕慕克發現在寫作之路上自己並非踽踽獨行,而是有許許多多的前行者引領、伴隨,這 些人與他有著同樣的熱情,類似的遭遇,但終能堅守初衷,咬緊牙關,克服困難,成為眾所仰慕的作家。
帕慕克在文末提到,在早年的作家生涯中,他經常重讀這些訪談來「堅定自己的決心」,即使多年後自己已經獲得諾貝爾文學獎的殊榮,再讀這些訪談依然讓他憶起昔日的「希望與焦慮」,甚至「比以往更強烈訴說了文學的歡樂與煩惱」。
到當年經常駐足的哈佛書店,看到醒目處矗立著書店特別推薦的幾本新書,其中之一就是《巴黎評論訪談錄,第二輯》(The Paris Review Interviews, II)。我出於好奇,從書架取下,隨手翻開,赫然發現序言正是帕慕克那篇文章,裡面收錄的作家訪談錄有些是我曾經閱讀與翻譯過的,當然也包括了福克納那篇訪談錄,頓時讓我回想起自己與訪談的深厚因緣。
大 約也是在一九八○年左右,我讀到《巴黎評論》的訪談錄,深深為其內容所折服,不僅因為訪談對象為多位名作家,更因為內容精采、深入,於是便從企鵝出版社的 幾本訪談錄中精挑細選了十六位作家(七位詩人,七位小說家,兩位劇作家,其中包括四位諾貝爾文學獎得主),花了幾年時間進行編譯(其中幾篇初稿出自朱錦華先生之手),並且蒐集了一些資料為作家撰寫小傳,附於每篇訪談錄之前,幾經周折,終於在一九八六年出版。我在《文學之路》前言中對身為代言人的訪談者有如下的說法:
在 這裡「代言人」的意義是雙重的:他們是讀者與作者之間的傳聲筒,雙方藉著這具傳聲筒互通訊息。這些訪問者本身便是熱誠的讀者,對作品耳熟能詳,對一般讀者 心理瞭若指掌,他們一方面「代」表讀者發「言」,請教作家眾人亟欲知道的問題;另一方面,藉著他們高超的採訪技巧,作家得以暢所欲言,輯為訪談錄,「代」 替作者發「言」。在此一問一答中,訪者當面請益,盤根問底;答者現身說法,咳唾成珠;讀者眼見問答雙方你來我往,又覺自己內心疑團一一化解,真是不亦快 哉!此外,今日的紀錄就是明日的史料,所以不論中外,作家訪談錄對作者、讀者、訪者、甚至未來的文學史家來說,都具有重大意義。因此,我們認為此時此地譯 介外國文學名家訪談錄,對國內作者、訪者或讀者來說,兼具增長見聞及切磋攻錯之效。(4)
當 年我純粹抱著與讀者分享的心態翻譯這本書,雖然相信好書必將引發共鳴,但對於會有些什麼影響卻完全不清楚。二○○二年我遊學紐約,在法拉盛的一家大陸書店 裡看到一本簡體字版的世界名作家訪談集,翻閱時赫然發現,其中有將近一半的內容來自我編譯的那本訪談錄,讓我不禁既驚、又喜、且愕:驚的是竟會在萬里之外 的異國看到自己的譯文以簡體字面貌示人;喜的是自己的譯作不僅在大陸改頭換面出版,而且流傳海外;愕的是雖然盜版也算是某種意義上的「恭維」,但身為譯者 的我不僅毫不知情,翻遍全書也找不著譯者的名字。後來有一次走訪中國大陸,在書店裡發現一本諾貝爾文學獎得主的訪談集中,第一篇就收錄了我翻譯的艾略特訪 談錄,雖然附上譯者姓名,卻從未與我聯繫。儘管如此,這些事實至少證明了在華文世界裡同樣有人欣賞這些訪談錄。
其實,《巴黎評論》的訪談錄多少是個歷史的偶然。該文藝雜誌創刊於一九五三年,當時為了打響名氣並撙節開支,便想出了名家訪談的點子,第一位洽商的是英國名小說家佛斯特(E. M. Forster), 佛斯特也接受了年輕編者的邀請,唯一條件是整理出的訪談稿必須經他本人過目,從此立下了《巴黎評論》訪談錄的標準作業模式,多年來建立起卓越的聲譽,成為 該雜誌的特色。如果說帕慕克從《巴黎評論》訪談錄中得到的是「安慰和鼓舞」(如同《衛報》所言),以及堅持個人的寫作習慣(多年來在方格紙上用手寫稿,與 湯瑪斯.曼和沙特一樣),那麼我從中學到的就是訪談的態度與方法,以及海明威的一個寫作習慣─不是像他那樣站著寫作,而是每天在知道該如何往下寫時擱筆, 以便次日接續前文。更重要的是,我自己也開始做起訪談來。
我 初次進行訪談是在一九八三年,那時已經翻譯《巴黎評論》訪談錄數載,訪問的對象則是我在台灣大學外文研究所的老師─小說家王文興。當時我就讀台大外國語文 學研究所博士班三年級,專攻比較文學,要在國際會議上發表論文討論他的作品,由於廣泛閱讀他的作品,發現有些問題在書面資料中找不到任何答案,於是有意找 當事人進行深度訪談,一探究竟。一向態度嚴謹、不輕易參與任何活動的老師答應接受我的訪談,讓我喜出望外,心想即使自己的論文寫不好,但光是訪談本身就有其價值。當時我心目中的範本就是《巴黎評論》的訪談錄,巧的是,老師也讀過它的一些訪談錄,而且有相當高的評價。
訪談當天我帶著一大疊小卡片,每張卡片上分別寫著要請教他的一個問題,事先分門別類,重點之一就是出身外文系的他與西洋文學的淵源,以及如何將西洋文學的技巧與典故運用於自己的創作中。訪談時我依卡片先後順序一一就教,老師則以他一向穩重、和緩、低沉、磁性的聲音仔細應答,現身說法,回答了我所有的問題。回去後,我根據錄音帶謄寫在稿紙上,送請老師修訂,他則逐字逐句仔細修訂。我後來閱讀他的作品及相關資料時又有新問題,於是安排進行第二次訪談,再次謄寫並請他修訂,然後在余麗娜小姐(當時的女友,現在的內人)協助下,將兩次訪談合併,全長逾三萬字,英文節本一九八四年九月發表於美國科羅拉多大學出版的《中國現代文學》(Modern Chinese Literature)創刊號,中文全稿則刊登於一九八七年六月號的《聯合文學》,直到目前都還是有關小說家王文興最詳細的訪談之一。多年後我將珍藏的原稿奉還老師,由他轉贈給台大圖書館典藏。
總 之,我初次訪談便取法乎上,日後也一直採取相同的作業模式,訪談的對象都與我的研究主題相關,兩者相輔相成,甚至有些訪談的價值可能還超過我撰寫的相關學 術論文。因為我的研究領域主要在美國文學,尤其是華美文學,所以訪談對象也多以這方面為主,二十五年來訪問不下數十人,已經整理發表的計有二十七人次,包 括作家、批評家、理論家、文學史家和歷史學家:王文興(兩次)、黃玉雪(Jade Snow Wong)、湯亭亭(Maxine Hong Kingston,兩次)、任璧蓮(Gish Jen)、林永得(Wing Tek Lum)、梁志英(Russell Leong)、山下凱倫(Karen Tei Yamashita)、哈金(Ha Jin)、張敬King-Kok Cheung)、麥禮謙(HimMark Lai)、高木羅納(Ronald Takaki)、黃秀玲(Sau-ling
Cynthia Wong)、金惠經(Elaine Kim)、艾理特(Emory Elliott)、柏柯維奇(Sacvan Bercovitch)、克魯帕特(Arnold Krupat)、米樂(J. Hillis Miller,兩次)、伊哲(Wolfgang Iser,兩次)、柯理格(Murray Krieger)、勞特(Paul Lauter)、薩依德(Edward W. Said,三次)。
從事訪談多年,而且受訪的對象絕大多數為外籍人士,背景不一,讓我深切體認到訪談涉及諸多複雜因素,箇中其實存在著相當大的運作空間。先前將訪談結集出版時,之所以將書名取為《對話與交流:當代中外作家、批評家訪談錄》(麥田,2001),是因為我一直認為訪談是一種文類(genre)或次文類(subgenre),特色在於它是主訪者與受訪者雙方互動、交流的結果,這一方面符合了包姆在《論對話》(David Bohm, On Dialogue)中對於「對話」所下的定義:「在對話中,每個人並非要使人接受自己已知的某些觀念或資訊;相反地,可以說是兩個人共同做某事,也就是說,共同創造某個新事物。」另一方面也符合了米勒、克魯特與哈吉在《專業訪談》(Rob Miller, Valerie Crute, and Owen
Hargie, Professional Interviewing)中對於「訪談」的定義:「〔訪談是〕一種面對面的雙向互動,其中一人扮演訪問者的色,另一人扮演受訪者的色,此二色對於行為與態度的方式都有清楚的期盼。其中一位參與者為了特定目的要求訪談,兩位參與者都有心貢獻。」
為 了替自己解惑,一探這個特殊、迷人的文類或次文類,所以在《對話與交流》準備出版時,我全面校讀收錄的十八篇訪談,重溫昔日的一些感受與想法,利用當時在 英國伯明罕大學從事一年研究之便,蒐集了一些資料,把這些年來的訪談經驗,綜合相關看法,寫了一篇長序〈再現的藝術、政治與倫理〉,深入探討縈繞心頭多年 的問題。
正如前述,訪談就是代言,同時也是再現。細究之下,其中涉及三個重要面向:藝術、政治與倫理。首先,訪談必須有一定的文采和組織,否則「言之不文,行之不遠」,所以涉及藝術。其次,訪談涉及主訪者與受訪者之間的權力關係,其中有合作、妥協、力、 甚或針鋒相對,因此又與政治有關。最後,在再現訪談時,尤其是再現那些無法閱讀中文的外籍人士時,主訪者就是他們在華文世界的再現者或代言人,有責任與義 務忠實呈現受訪者,而不是把自己的想法、說法硬套或暗扣到他們頭上,所以又涉及倫理。近年來,陸續有海峽兩岸的期刊邀請我接受訪談,形式不一,有當面的、 也有書面的,有綜合報導式的、也有一問一答式的,讓我能從受訪者的度體會與反思訪談,了解他們的關切與期盼,更確認了藝術、政治與倫理確為訪談的重要面向。
本 書收錄了自前書出版之後整理完成的九篇訪談錄。每一篇都以同樣嚴謹的態度與方法進行,在主題上則集中於亞裔美國文學與文化研究,其中四篇(山下凱倫、黃秀 玲、金惠經、高木羅納)為二○○五年八月至二○○六年八月在加州大學柏克萊校區一年研究訪問時進行的。這些訪談對象有作家(哈金、湯亭亭、梁志英、山下凱 倫)、批評家(黃秀玲、金惠經)和歷史學家(陳國維〔John Kuo Wei Tchen〕、高木羅納),都是在亞美文學與文化研究方面開疆闢土、卓有貢獻的人士。
哈 金是以非母語的英文創作獲得最多美國重要文學獎項的華美作家;湯亭亭自一九七○年代便崛起於美國文壇,多年創作不懈,十多年來更帶領退伍軍人寫作坊,以具 體的行動投入和平運動,並榮獲二○○八年美國文學傑出貢獻獎章;梁志英不僅身兼詩人和作家的身分,而且多年主編此領域內歷史最悠久、影響最廣大的《美亞學 刊》(Amerasia Journal); 日裔小說家山下凱倫的獨特寫作內容與手法早為批評家與讀者稱頌;黃秀玲多年從事亞美文學批評,出入於中英文之間,在文本閱讀與理論探索上頗為深入;韓裔批 評家金惠經一九八○年代初所出版的專書更是將亞美文學研究置於美國文學研究的版圖上,她對視覺文化及社會工作的投入也多受肯定;陳國維從社會工作者與社會 史家的度積極介入,多年來對華裔美國歷史及博物館的貢獻有目共睹;日裔歷史學家高木羅納從多元文化度 所撰寫的美國歷史和亞美歷史不僅暢銷一時,而且長銷多年,並被改寫成美國中小學讀物,影響深遠。至於附錄的勞特雖然集中於美國文學(史)的重建與美國文學 選集的重編,但他多年來投入多族裔的美國文學研究(其中當然也包括了亞裔),與亞裔文學史家和批評家密切合作,為亞美文學及美國文學提供了更寬廣的視野。
我 由於因緣際會,有幸與這些傑出的人士進行訪談,事前的準備固然收穫良多,訪談中也得到不少啟發、甚至驚喜,謄寫、翻譯與修訂文稿時更是字斟句酌,反覆琢 磨,務期善盡代言、再現之責。在這整個過程中,充分領會到讀書、知人、論世的效應,甚至與其中許多人發展出長久的友誼,日後再回頭閱讀這些作家或學者的作 品時,不再只是白紙黑字的敘述、詮釋或抽象的理論,而是有個活生生的人物和世界在那裡。也盼望透過我的再現與代言和讀者分享。至於個別的過程互動,詳見各 篇的前言。
時光飛逝,難以想像自己從事訪談竟然已有四分之一世紀之久,訪談的對象中也已有七人辭世─柯理格(1923-2000)、薩依德(1935-2003)、黃玉雪(1922-2006)、伊哲(1926-2007)、艾理特(1942-2009)、麥禮謙(1925-2009)、高木羅納(1939-2009)─後三人更是在本書校稿期間辭世,益發讓人感到人生之無常與因緣之可貴,更應善加珍惜,及時把握。
如 果像福克納所言,「藝術家的身後都有一群惡鬼在追趕。他不知道為什麼惡鬼找上了他,通常也沒時間去思索其中的原因。……作家唯一該做的就是對自己的藝術負 責」,那麼訪談者的處境則幸運多了。雖然他們在訪談錄中要關注再現的藝術、政治與倫理,必須對受訪者與讀者負責,卻絕非遭到惡鬼追趕。相反地,訪談者是與 在該行業中表現傑出的人士、甚至智者為伍,不僅有相當充裕的時間去思索箇中原委,更有機會針對疑惑之處就教於受訪者,與他們深入互動,分享他們的知識、經 驗與智慧。而身為代言人、再現者的訪談者,在為自己求知、解惑的同時,也可藉由訪談錄將個人的關懷與受訪者的回答公諸於世,分享他人,縱使未必知道這些訪 談的效應如何,但或許某時某地某個有緣人能像帕慕克一樣,在其中得到安慰、鼓勵與指引。

Murder Most Foul - Bob Dylan 2020 (Lyric video)

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Chang Chaotang
歲月輓歌
兩天前(March.27)
鮑伯·狄倫發表了一首新歌
這是三年來他首發的笫一首錄音室歌曲
全長16分55秒
有評論家說
這是莎士比亞「哈姆雷特」的音樂版
或許是他看到大家正搶購手槍
或許他對人性恐慌、暴戾的指控
或是他對生命荒謬、無常的哀嘆
約翰·甘迺迪之死
遂成為一種救贖與警世的圖騰
他發佈這首歌曲時機
也是疫情漫延的當下
在推特上他最後註記說:
「大家保持警覺,注意安全。」
———-


YOUTUBE.COM
Murder Most Foul - Bob Dylan 2020 (Lyric video)
Murder Most Foul released by Bob Dylan March 27th, 2020. I do not own the rights to either the audio or the photographs used. I felt a signal from this track...

Chang Chaotang

https://www.npr.org/sections/allsongs/2020/03/27/822468820/a-list-of-the-songs-named-in-bob-dylans-murder-most-foul?fbclid=IwAR0yz5e_aVkD67NayU3ynDjs-AqVwvpORU_ADlBfyxSY49PMU2WdlLLYe0M


NPR.ORG

A List Of The Songs Named In Bob Dylan's 'Murder Most Foul'

《古今》月刊 1942.3 上海創刊,朱樸主編

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《古今》月刊  1942.3 上海創刊,朱樸主編
蔡登山2015年台北複刻版,每本12期,共5本
每本1.5元,第12期有徵創刊號,5元收買
先讀第8期 鄭秉珊的〈記金冬心〉,還可以。


第5期:封面









俞大綱全集;燈火下樓台。林懷民、郭小莊、邱坤良

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 我昨天看台灣演義郭小莊
 她的創作過程最值得思考
 與林懷民 的創作生涯的比較
很令人深思


「一抹春風百劫身,菱花空對海揚塵,縱然埋骨成灰燼,難遣人間未了情」,這是俞大綱老師一九七○年代在《王魁負桂英》的一段唱詞,傳頌一時。


俞大全集三冊 (劇作卷 論述卷) 台北:幼獅 1987
燈火下樓台 台北:聯經 1977 親友懷念集

話說1970年郭小莊即演俞大綱新編《王魁負桂英》。那時是我們還沒相識的41年前。不過,姑且斷章取義套故事
「自別君……,夢繞女白宮或女生宿舍,曉來輾轉書窗外,夜夜和露立蒼苔,數不盡朝朝暮暮相思債……。」 (《俞大綱全集劇作卷,頁78,稍改動


2020.3
出身世家,學問淵博,思想開明,作風平實,應是認識俞大綱教授(1908~1977)的人,對他一致的印象。
俞老師是1960~70年代 台灣藝文界最具影響力的大師,台北市館前路42號的辦公室是他開講的講堂,中青年藝術家,電影導演,小說家,文化學者,在這裡問學,交流的藝文沙龍。
日前俞師在美國的小女兒啟木傳來俞師昔日的照片,以及給她的手札,上面寫著:
敬愛二字是做人的基本道理
不講大道理,明明白白的幾個字,讓曾受他教誨的後生晚輩,睹物思人,依舊春風。


 2007
「俞大綱百歲冥誕紀念活動」427日至527日在台北、宜蘭陸續登場,除了 525日至27日在宜蘭傳藝中心的研討會,國光及台灣戲曲學院將重演俞大綱在民國58年、59年創作的京劇「新繡襦記」、「王魁負桂英」,地點分別在台北城市舞台、中山堂,國光演出時間為427日至29日、台灣戲曲學院京劇團為 510日至12日。

國光由藝術總監王安祈重新修編劇本,「新繡襦記」由大陸旅美崑曲小生溫宇航和台灣著名青衣魏海敏搭檔,「王魁負桂英」則由汪勝光、陳美蘭主演;台灣戲曲學院則演出俞大綱的原始劇本,「新繡襦記」排出趙揚強與蒲族涓、「王魁負桂英」則由團長曹復永與旦角朱民玲搭檔。

曾經追隨俞大綱學習的文建會主委邱坤良指出,

俞大綱對台灣藝文界的影響不只在戲曲,19601970年代,台灣的學術風氣還沒那麼自由,學歷史出身的俞大綱,身邊永遠圍著一群青年學子,包括戲劇、文學、舞蹈、電影各個領域,有空就跑到俞大綱掛名董事長的怡太旅行社,天南地北聊起來,常見到辦公室煙霧迷漫。俞大綱與學生對抽起香菸,中午時間一到,俞大綱就吆喝大家去吃飯。

邱坤良笑說,他從年輕時就是「壞學生」,只有俞大綱這位導師還願教他。

國光藝術總監王安祈中學時代就當起追星族,從民國58年「新繡襦記」首演看起,當時飾演名妓李亞仙的旦角胡陸蕙才16歲,隔年「王魁負桂英」發表,女主角郭小莊也才19歲。民國66年,俞大綱病逝時,雲門舞集創辦人林懷民不但連續兩年舉辦「王魁負桂英」紀念演出,還客串演出劇中小鬼一角。


 .....像俞大綱老師那樣把著我的手,給我重大的啟蒙。
我把這本書獻給俞大綱先生在天之靈。
 林懷民高處眼亮

讀林懷民《高處眼亮‧館前路四十號──懷念大綱先生》頁282-94,真是感動。想去看《燈火下樓台》台北:聯經, 1977(親友懷念集)先生是如何寫的。不料林先生1977年可能相當傷心又忙碌,沒寫「紀念文」。但是,2007年的這篇,懷念之情更成熟。

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蕭乾編《英國版畫集》1947/2000. The Dragon Beards versus the Blueprint

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2019.07.28


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2007.11.20
英國版畫集. 蕭乾; 濟南:山東畫報出版社, 2000重印




 

THE DRAGON BEARDS VERSUS THE BLUEPRINTS


Pilot Press, London 1944. Condition Very Good; spine edged slightly forked. DJ condition Good with small losses on spine and corners; a few tears. Second impression of 1944. Leon Underwood frontispiece in Fine condition. Also front cover by Underwood. Most pages uncut.
Author(s):
Hsiao Ch'ien
Condition:
Used: very good
Edition:
1st
Format:
Hardback
Publisher:
Pilot Press
Title:
The Dragon Beards versus the Blueprint


View Larger Image

The dragon beards versus the blueprints. (Meditations on post- war culture).
CH'IEN, Hsiao:

Published by The Pilot Press,, 1944

The Dragon Beards Versus the Blueprints: Symposium on Contemporary Chinese Literature Paperback – 1 January 2014
by Xiao Qian (Author), Wen Jieruo (Photographer), Fu Guangming (Translator)

Product details

  • Paperback: 384 pages
  • Publisher: Foreign Languages Press (January 1, 2014)
  • Language: English



蕭乾先生說:我是一個連圈子都畫不圓的人,然而那並不能阻止我對於繪畫的喜愛。
他在40年代所選的《英國版畫集》,1947年曾由上海晨光出版公司出版 (HC:情書中許多人名等專名老闆趙家壁協助翻譯,有些小問題)文革期間,版畫原件亦遭毀壞。蕭乾先生生前即想重版此書。山東畫報出版社根據編者遺願,照原來的版本重印。除了獻辭改為獻給文潔若,繁體字改為簡體字,版權頁照現有情況排印外,版式、紙張、開本均跟原版一樣。這些文潔若在後記(蕭乾周年忌日)中都作了說明。

本書前面約略介紹了英國版畫的淵源與歷史,整本書選了102幅版畫作品,作者、名稱、刻法訊息一併俱全,是很好的參考書籍。《英國版畫集》的獨特魅力……
這些版畫細膩、精緻、富靈氣,代表了英國特定歷史時期的藝術精神,具有較高的欣賞和收藏價值。
應用:
(王辛笛 {手掌集} 封面--但這隻手的版畫,原作者卻是Gertrude Hermes(裘屈羅·赫密士)女士,該圖題為《花卉》(Flowers)就收在一本我們各自擁有的新版畫冊——蕭乾先生編選的《英國版畫集》中) .




cockerel

Gibbings, Robert (1889-1958), artist, book-designer, and travel writer. Born in Cork, he was educated at UCC and served at Gallipoli. He came under the influence of the artist Eric Gill, running the Golden Cockerel Press from 1924 to 1933. Besides a series of books on rivers including Sweet Thames Run Softly (1940) and Lovely is the Lee (1945), he wrote about the South Seas in Coconut Island (1936).
Irish Literature Companion. The Concise Oxford Companion to Irish Literature. Copyright © 1996, 2000, 2003 by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. Read more

Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Robert Gibbings". Read more



Robert Gibbings (1889-1958) was an artist and author who was most noted for his work as a word carver and for his books on travel and natural history.
Of Irish parentage, he studied at the Slade School of Art and the Central School of Art.

Works

  • Coming Down the Seine
  • Sweet Thames Run Softly
  • Coming down the Wye
  • Till I End My Song



洛勃脫 蓋平斯
雕刻家 同時是自寫自插圖的著作家 初年是在愛爾蘭過Cork的 在倫敦 Slade和 Central 藝專畢業後 就趕上了第一屆大戰 而且參加了幾乎全軍覆沒的 Gallipoli 一役
曾充英國專出版精本書金雞書店Golden Cockerel Press的編輯 教過書 是英國藝術家到海底寫生的第一人 所著自己的書不下半打 如椰子島 Coconut Island 馨田甜的泰晤士河溫柔地流著
Sweet Thames Run Softly
這裡引用的木雕是出自他最近的著作
蕭乾編《英國版畫集》 頁111

這段介紹很了不起
我對翻譯要苛責一點
cockerel 是一歲以下的雄雞我相信中文也有類似的稱呼


Cockerel
The Golden Cockerel Press was founded by Harold M. Taylor in 1920. In 1924, Robert Gibbings joined the press and further developed the aim of making finely produced books available to a wider public at a reasonable price. Eminent artists such as Eric Gill, Osbert Lancaster, Blair Hughes-Stanton and Gibbings were commissioned to illustrate the publications. In 1933, Christopher Sandford, along with Owen Rutter and Francis Newbury, acquired the press. Separate bibliographies of the press's output were issued. Pertelote covers the years 1936 to 1943 and features four books illustrated by JBW.



Robert Gibbings (British, 1889-1958)


Robert Gibbings was born in Cork, Ireland. He was educated locally and went on to study medicine for two years at University College, Cork. He later studied art, briefly at the Slade and also at the Central School of Art. He began to experiment with wood engraving, and while on active service in World War I made numerous drawings which he later engraved. After the war he was instrumental in setting up the Society of Wood Engravers. Between 1924 and 1933 Gibbings owned the Golden Cockerel Press at Waltham St Lawrence, near Reading. He directed all aspects of book printing and illustration, decorating many of the publications with wood engravings by himself and other leading artists including Eric Gill. During his time at Waltham he carved a small number of major pieces in stone. The economic slump forced him to sell the press in 1933 and he moved to Cornwall. In 1936 Gibbings became senior lecturer in typography, book production and engraving at Reading University. In 1938 he held a one-man exhibition at Reading Museum titled ‘Twenty Years of Engraving’. His long interest in natural history and his travels resulted in a number of books which he both wrote and illustrated:Sweet Thames Run Softly (1940) was a particular success. In 1955 Gibbings moved from London to Long Wittenham, a village on the banks of the upper Thames. His last book,Till I End My Song, published in 1957, is principally about this village.

Reference: Patience Empson (ed.), The Wood Engravings of Robert Gibbings (1959). Mary A Kirkus, Robert Gibbings: A Bibliography, ed. Patience Empson and John Harris (1962); Andrews, Martin, J. The Life and Work of Robert Gibbings, 2003.






The Mill
Wood engraving included in Twelve Wood engravings (privately published, 1921)
Wood engraving on paper, signed by the artist
1918
108 x 70mm.

References: recorded in Empson, Patience, The Wood-engravings of Robert Gibbings, 1949: 11.

£420

A rare and early engraving by Gibbings from 1918.


St. Pachome, Abbot of Taberne
Wood engraving forBeasts and Saints by Helen Waddell (1934)
Wood engraving on paper, signed by the artist
1934
120 x 94mm.

References: recorded in Empson, Patience, The Wood-engravings of Robert Gibbings, 1949: 140; illustrated in Andrews, Martin, J. The Life and Work of Robert Gibbings, 2003: 185.



A striking wood engraving from 1934 to illustrate Helen Waddell’s book Beasts and Saints which was a collection of stories and folk tales on the theme of ‘the mutual charities between saints and beasts’ dating from the fourth to the twelfth centuries and translated from the Latin by Waddell. Gibbings was particularly satisfied with his work for the book, recalling ‘My engravings in these two books were the best that I had so far accomplished, and gradually the sadness I felt at losing my press was dissipated.’ (Robert Gibbings, Some Recollections, from Patience Empson, The Wood-engravings of Robert Gibbings, 1949: xlii).




more
http://images.google.com/images?hl=en&q=Gibbings%2C+Robert+&btnG=Search+Images&gbv=2

文學和神話中的瘟疫(收入《雙重束縛:文學、摹仿及人類學文集》);Why plague doctors wore those strange beaked masks

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雙重束縛:文學、摹仿及人類學文集

「To double bound」Essays on Literature,Mimesis,and Anthropolgy

內容簡介

本書是經典與解釋叢書之一,是一部關於文學理論的理論研究專著,內容涉及保羅和弗朗西斯卡的摹仿性欲望、重審加繆的局外人、地下評論、成體系的精神錯亂、神話文本中的暴力和表現等,適合哲學研究人員參考學習。

作者勒內·基拉爾是當代最才華橫溢、正強好勝、發人深省的思想家之一,他渴望論戰、充滿激情、堅定專一,他是一個偶像破壞者,毫不猶豫地同諸如弗洛伊德、列維系-斯特勞斯、德勒茲和拉康等人交鋒。

自嚴復譯泰西政法諸書至本世紀四十年代,漢語學界中的有識之士深感與西學相遇乃漢語思想史無前例的重大事變,孜孜以求西學堂奧,憑着個人的稟賦和志趣選譯西學經典,翻譯大家輩出。可以理解的是,其時學界對西方思想統緒的認識剛剛起步,選擇西學經典難免帶有相當的隨意性。

五十年代后期,新中國政府規范西學經典譯業,整編四十年代遺稿,統一制訂新的選題計划,幾十年來寸累銖積,至八十年代中期形成振裘挈領的「漢譯世界學術名著」體系,雖然開牖后學之功萬不容沒,這套名著體系的設計仍受當時學界的教條主義限制。思想不外義理和制度兩端(康有為語),涉及義理和制度的西方思想典籍未有譯成漢語的,實際未在少數。
 

目錄

人類學的「欲望」與古典/中譯本前言 劉小楓
引言
1.保羅和弗朗西斯卡的摹仿性欲望
2.重審加繆的局外人
3.地下評論
4.瘋癲之略——尼采、瓦格納和陀思妥耶夫斯基
5.成體系的精神錯亂
6.危險的平衡:一種喜劇理論
7.文學和神話中的瘟疫
8.列維一斯特勞斯和當代理論中的區分與互反性
9.神話文本中的暴力和表現
10.與勒內·基拉爾的訪談




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Though shared before, this article has a much better description of why the mask (and clothing) was made like this.

梵高(Vincent van Gogh)160歲/ 梵谷書簡 The Letters of Vincent Van Gogh/ Van Gogh’s Evolution

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“Be clearly aware of the stars and infinity on high. Then life seems almost enchanted after all.”—Vincent van Gogh, born on this day in 1853.
Learn more about the Letters of Vincent van Gogh: http://bit.ly/XrTfI8
圖像裡可能有1 人、文字

梵高(Vincent van Gogh)160歲/ 梵谷書簡  The Letters of Vincent Van Gogh/ Van Gogh’s Evolution

Van Gogh’s Evolution, From Neophyte to Master



There are some artists on whom the sun never sets.
Van Gogh Museum Amsterdam
“Self-Portrait With Straw Hat,” is in an exhibition at the Denver Art Museum. More Photos »
Multimedia
Van Gogh is certainly one of them, given his status as an artist beloved by the public and revered by curators, a genius with a compelling, sad life story to boot.
“There’s always a van Gogh show on the horizon, just as there’s always Beethoven being played somewhere,” said Joseph J. Rishel, a curator of European paintings at thePhiladelphia Museum of Art, who organized “Van Gogh Up Close” there earlier this year.
The latest major entry is “Becoming van Gogh” at the Denver Art Museum. The exhibition, featuring 70 works by the master and 20 by other artists who inspired him, is scheduled to remain on view until Jan. 20 and does not travel to any other sites.
The show traces van Gogh’s development through the 1880s from a struggling, inhibited neophyte, represented by works like the drawings “Girl Carrying a Loaf of Bread” (1882), to a painter in full flourish who could make the shimmering “Landscape from Saint-Rémy” (1889).
Timothy Standring, the curator who organized the Denver show, has his own version of Mr. Rishel’s Beethoven analogy: “Can there be too many books about Shakespeare?”
But while van Gogh’s reputation virtually guarantees that people will flock to the show, “It’s the hardest kind of exhibition to put together,” Mr. Standring said.
The trick for curators is twofold. First, they must come up with a fresh angle on an artist who lived to be only 37 and consequently did not produce as many works, as, say, Picasso. Second, they have to secure loans of incredibly valuable artworks from museums that might be reluctant to share.
Mr. Standring called the exhibition “the most ambitious show we’ve done, as ambitious as the Libeskind building,” referring to the architect Daniel Libeskind’s striking, angular design for the addition to the museum that was completed in 2006.
He added, “We don’t even have a van Gogh in our collection.”
Mr. Standring’s first step was to make a call to Amsterdam. “When you plan a van Gogh exhibit, you need to get blessing of the Van Gogh Museum,” he said, because of its ability to lend works and share its expertise.
In discussions with Louis van Tilborgh, a senior researcher there, Mr. Standring laid out an idea for one exhibition — a focus on van Gogh’s work from 1888 — but it was deemed logistically too difficult to mount.
But his second idea, a look at van Gogh’s crucial years in Paris, became the seed of the current show, which expanded to cover a whole decade.
Mr. Standring said he wanted to give nuance to the popular perception of the artist as sui generis. “People are generally unfamiliar with anything pre-“Sunflowers” or pre-“Wheatfields,” he said, referring to two of van Gogh’s iconic later series. “We’re doing corrective art history.”
Van Gogh’s struggles with illness and the artistic flourishing of his last two years may have warped the public’s perception of his learning curve, Mr. Van Tilborgh said.
“We all think he’s a genius, but he placed a lot of value on craftsmanship. When he started, he had no talent for drawing. If you look at his early drawings, they’re horrible. So how did he develop?”
The answer, Mr. Van Tilborgh said, was persistence. “If he couldn’t do it, he tried it 50 more times. He was one of those rare artists who had the energy to work through the fear of failure.”
“Becoming van Gogh” gives particular attention to the period the artist spent in Paris, staying with his brother Theo and studying color theory.
“He was hovering in Paris for two years,” Mr. Standring said. “Maybe we’re fortunate he didn’t land. He might have turned into a second-rate Impressionist.”
Works from that period in the exhibition include “People Strolling in a Park” (1886) and “View of a Park in Paris” (1886), neither of which resembles the late-career masterpieces that made him famous after his death.
Also featured is a Paris work with a strange past: “The Blute-fin Mill” (1886). The painting — an unusual depiction of a group of people, rarely tried by Van Gogh — was bought from a dealer in Paris by the controversial Dutch curator Dirk Hannema in 1975.
Mr. Hannema, who died in 1984, believed it was van Gogh’s work, but the art world doubted him because of previous missteps — in particular, his attributions of several works to the 17th-century Dutch master Vermeer, which were later discredited.
“His reputation was so bad in the 1970s after the Vermeers,” Mr. Van Tilborgh said. “But when we investigated, we came to the conclusion that he was right about the van Gogh.” The painting was authenticated in 2010, and it was lent to Denver by the Foundation Museum in Heino, the Netherlands.
Mr. Van Tilborgh’s enthusiasm led the Van Gogh Museum to lend seven works to the show, including “Self-Portrait With Straw Hat” (1887). He also edited the catalog with Mr. Standring.
“That gave us our imprimatur,” Mr. Standring said of his attempts to pry other van Goghs out of other institutions.
One major Midwestern museum proved the hardest sell. “It took eight asks, including in-person trips, to get them to agree,” Mr. Standring said, declining to name the institution.
“You have to be prosecutor, defense attorney, psychologist, sociologist and diplomat to do this kind of show,” he added. “They don’t teach you all that in art history graduate school.”
Usually, the Van Gogh Museum tries to stagger major shows of the artist’s work at other museums, so that loans are easier to get and its own resources are not taxed.
So what Mr. Standring called “the beautiful confluence of two big van Gogh shows in a year” — his own and Mr. Rishel’s — could have caused problems all around.
But the curators played nice, which was easier given that their points of focus were different. Mr. Rishel was primarily exploring van Gogh’s perspective on nature, so the Philadelphia museum was more willing to lend an important portrait, “Portrait of Madame Augustine Roulin and Baby Marcelle” (1888), to Denver.
“I shared my checklist early on with Joe, and he was very generous and very cordial,” Mr. Standring said. “And I helped arrange for one picture to go to his exhibit.”
Mr. Standring added that he hoped both shows — with their highly specific, nonblockbuster approaches — would deepen an understanding of the artist.
“Maybe this represents a maturity of van Gogh exhibitions,” he said. “Thematic, instead of just a collection of great objects.”

Vincent van Gogh - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh - Cached
Vincent Willem van Gogh was a Dutch post-Impressionist painter whose work, notable for its rough beauty, emotional honesty and bold color, had a far-reaching ...

*****

 我有一版本 The Letters of Vincent Van Gogh , Penguin Classics, 1996

 *****

經過一世紀多的整理: 

 Van Gogh Letters– The complete letters of Van Gogh, translated into English and annotated. Published by the Van Gogh Museum.

 
Version: June 2012
Edited by Leo Jansen, Hans Luijten and Nienke Bakker

The letters are the window to Van Gogh's universe.

This edition, the product of 15 years of research at the Van Gogh Museum and Huygens ING, contains all Van Gogh's letters to his brother Theo, his artist friends Paul Gauguin and Emile Bernard, and many others.

Here you will find the letters in the latest edition (2009), richly annotated and illustrated, with new transcriptions and authorized English translations.
letter sample
 *****

名譯家雨云的作品
 翻譯的底本是 I. Stone夫婦的選本 出版社誇說全集是井底之蛙

梵谷書簡全集

  • 作者:梵谷/著
  • 譯者:雨云
  • 出版社:藝術家
  • 出版日期:1990年
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  •  
  •  梵谷是偉大的畫家;也是世上最孤的靈魂之一。他活著的泰半日子裡,身旁幾乎沒有一個可以信託,可以敘述快樂、苦難的人。他在世的最後十年,也就是他沈迷征 服了繪畫藝術的期間,他渴求對一個人傾述他那澎湃的生命,和徐緩成熟的技藝之所思所感的一切事物。然而卻難找到一位願意了解他想說什麼的人。於是一部自傳 誕生了。文生、梵谷用筆向他的弟弟-西奧傾吐心聲,如此,他寫下了感人的生命故事。 
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  •  
  •  昨天是荷蘭後印象派畫家梵高(Vincent van Gogh)160歲冥壽,他生前繪畫了多幅《向日葵》,分散在全球不同的博物館展出。為慶祝一項10年的「梵高研究計劃」踏入高潮,阿姆斯特丹梵高博物館及倫敦英國國家美術館將輪流展出兩幅「向日葵」,使兩地遊客有機會看見兩幅「向日葵」並列的奇景。
    《向日葵》(Sunflowers,1888年)。
    【本報國際組報道】昨天是荷蘭後印象派畫家梵高(Vincent van Gogh)160歲冥壽,他生前繪畫了多幅《向日葵》,分散在全球不同的博物館展出。為慶祝一項10年的「梵高研究計劃」踏入高潮,阿姆斯特丹梵高博物館 及倫敦英國國家美術館將輪流展出兩幅「向日葵」,使兩地遊客有機會看見兩幅「向日葵」並列的奇景。
      準備輪流展出的兩幅畫,同樣畫了15朵向日葵,其中倫敦收藏的初版於1888年末期完成,翌年初他又畫了阿姆斯特丹收藏的新版本,顏色更明亮, 而且多了藍色的種子。梵高博物館館長魯格(Axel Ruger)表示,這兩輻畫將向遊客展示梵高並非傳言中的瘋子。他說:「梵高的藝術創作富條理,這與一般理解指他在畫布上瘋狂亂潑顏料的形象很不同。研究 顯示梵高是很認真地仔細繪畫,他有研究其他藝術家的作品,並學習色彩理論。」
      梵高在全心作畫前,曾做過藝術品買賣及傳教士,也關心低下層農民的生活苦況,早期如《吃馬鈴薯的人》、《一雙鞋子》等油畫,靈感正是來自貧民, 惟盡是陰沉暗黑色彩,表現憂鬱。畢生只售出一幅《紅色葡萄園》的梵高,一直靠弟弟西奧接濟,兩人感情要好,來往的上千封書信,助後世窺探梵高創作的心路歷 程。
      2個版本難得輪流展出
      梵高正式學畫畫後,33歲時到法國巴黎居住,並結識了高更(Paul Gauguin)等同時期的畫家;至遷往南部城鎮亞爾後,油畫用色由一向陰沉轉趨明亮,特別愛用大量鮮黃色。亞爾時期的名作,包括住處《黃屋》、用來迎接 畫家朋友高更的《向日葵》等。梵高後期光明亮麗的畫風,以及大膽的粗筆觸,成為作品的標記。
      梵高與高更本是好友,但有說法指高更出於嫉妒,曾經買通妓女,向梵高佯言想要他的耳朵作聖誕禮物,喝醉的梵高竟「照單全收」割下左耳。不過,有說法稱,兩位畫家吵架後,高更盛怒下用劍割掉梵高左耳。
      梵高的愛情生活亦波折重重,初戀是上流富家女,後戀上表親而觸怒擔任神職的爸爸,父子決裂。後來對懷孕妓女一見鍾情,並節衣縮食助養生下的孩子,可惜妓女恩將仇報,偷錢吃喝玩樂。唯一愛過他的瑪戈特因家人干涉,最終與梵高未能開花結果。
      梵高晚年傳患上精神病,終在37歲時懷疑開槍自殺,另有指他被小童玩槍時走火誤殺。
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Charles de Gaulle;Julian Jackson's "de Gaulle"

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De Gaulle (2020) - IMDb
The de Gaulle couple is confronted with the military and political collapse of France. Charles de Gaulle joins London while Yvonne, his wife, finds herself with her three children on the road of the exodus. ...
BBC說 Charles de Gaulle是偉人,然而此片"So-so"。


Adam Gopnik gets it! Check out his strong and insightful review of Julian Jackson's "de Gaulle" in The New Yorker.


"Classically composed and authoritative... Jackson writes wonderful political history...and does a brilliant job detailing the evolution of de Gaulle..., a nearly perfect example of the right wing prophet in power -- of the constitutional conservative who accepts the modern order... There's an urgent, living lesson for the 21st century..., one that can't be overstated... What [de Gaulle] reminds us is how valuable an insistence on the shared symbols of a common faith can be if carried out with integrity and a residual deposit of democratic values. The politics of grandeur, he shows, need not be the exclusive province of bullies."


NEWYORKER.COM

How Charles de Gaulle Rescued France
He was a self-dramatizing, grandiose reactionary—yet his commitment to republican institutions helped protect a liberal democracy.


**


He was the towering, at times isolated, symbol of a French refusal to accept defeat by Hitler's Germany and the creator of today's Fifth Republic, bringing institutional stability to France's traditionally febrile politics



He became prime minister of France on June 1st 1958
ECONOMIST.COM

General de Gaulle

France's noble, exasperating icon

A portrait of the founder and first President of the Fifth Republic


The General: Charles de Gaulle and the France He Saved. By Jonathan Fenby. Simon & Schuster; 707 pages; £30. Buy from Amazon.co.uk
“GREAT circumstances bring forth great men,” Charles de Gaulle remarked in 1956 to Cyrus Sulzberger of the New York Times. “Only during crises do nations throw up giants.” Naturally de Gaulle (almost literally a giant given his imposing height) was referring to himself. And why not? General de Gaulle was the towering, at times isolated, symbol of a French refusal to accept defeat by Hitler's Germany; he was the architect of France's departure from colonial Algeria; and he was the creator of today's Fifth Republic, bringing institutional stability to France's traditionally febrile politics.
He was also, as Jonathan Fenby illustrates in this magisterial biography, extraordinarily obstinate—ever convinced that he was right and never afraid to confront, and indeed insult, friends and allies. In the second world war, Winston Churchill, in particular, but Franklin Roosevelt and Dwight Eisenhower too, were driven to the brink of despair by this prickly general (later described by one American diplomat as “highly egocentric with touches indeed of megalomania”) who had precious few military assets but an unshakable conviction that he incarnated France—and that France must never be treated as less than a great power. Yet somehow de Gaulle almost invariably imposed his will, thanks to “his genius for ambiguity, duplicity and improvisation, his ability to impose abrupt changes of policy and his capacity for rallying popular support to succeed in finding his way to a solution.”




Mr Fenby, who was in Reuters' Paris bureau during de Gaulle's presidency (and later was Paris correspondent for The Economist), traces de Gaulle's career from his days as a student at the Saint-Cyr military academy to his decade as president during the turbulent 1960s. His personal characteristics were always those of honour, bravery and rectitude (even as president, de Gaulle and his beloved wife, Yvonne, paid for their own telephone calls). And the political thread remained unbroken: France's greatness must never be slighted. When he found himself seated in the eighth row at John Kennedy's funeral, he made his way forward to the front, said “Right, we can start,” to a startled protocol official—and sat down.
The result was a France that secured a permanent seat at the UN Security Council, developed an independent nuclear deterrent, withdrew from NATO's common military command and rebuffed Britain's repeated attempts to join the European Common Market. If there were setbacks—overtures to Russia and China failed to thaw the cold war on terms that would reduce America's influence and increase France's—de Gaulle would simply dismiss them. If there were dissenting opinions from ministers and party politicians, de Gaulle would simply ignore them: after all, it was the French people, not the politicians, who had asked the general to lead them, and de Gaulle—a clever exponent of the referendum—would do so.
Perhaps that is why the student and worker riots of May 1968 seemed to discomfit the president so much: they showed a France that he, in his late 70s, could no longer fully understand. When a referendum on the reform of the Senate and local government failed in April 1969, de Gaulle immediately resigned “because of the absurdity”, as he put it to André Malraux.
This excellent book is far from being a hagiography but, as Mr Fenby points out, “the final judgment has to be that he was a man who made a huge difference, and put a lasting mark on his country.” Indeed so. Gaullism is a strong current in French politics—witness the ritual homage made to the general by Presidents Jacques Chirac and Nicolas Sarkozy. And, as America's George Bush found out before the Iraq war and as Germany's Angela Merkel is finding out in the European Union, it remains as exasperating as ever.

The Journey of Liu Xiaobo: From Dark Horse to Nobel Laureate

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Original and powerful, The Journey of Liu Xiaobo combines memory with insightful analysis to evaluate Liu's impact on his era, nation, and the cause of human freedom. As a fearless poet and prolific essayist and critic, Liu Xiaobo became one of the most important dissident thinkers in the People's Republic of China.


The Journey of Liu Xiaobo: From Dark Horse to Nobel Laureate





獨立中文筆會官網發布新聞稿說,已故諾貝爾和平獎得主劉曉波的英文版紀念文集「劉曉波之旅程:從黑馬到諾獎得主」4月1日在美國出版,其中收錄遺孀劉霞、西藏精神領袖達賴喇嘛和相關人士撰寫的紀念文章。
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據中央社今天援引獨立中文筆會新聞稿表示,英文版紀念文集名為「劉曉波之旅程:從黑馬到諾獎得主」(The Journey of Liu Xiaobo: From Dark Horse to Nobel Laureate),由美國小說家兼記者、國際筆會榮休副會長艾克曼(Joanne Leedom-Ackerman)主編,並由美國內布拉斯加大學(University of Nebraska)的波多馬克出版社(Potomac Books)出版。

這本文集收錄了劉曉波妻子劉霞,達賴喇嘛、美國的中國研究學者黎安友、「零八憲章」主要起草人之一的張祖樺、中國流亡藝術家艾未未以

及世界各國政治家、學者和民主人士所撰寫的紀念文章。

這篇新聞稿說,紀念文集“闡明了劉曉波的一生經歷,從青年學生時代,通過他不可或缺的行動,直到他最後日子的掙扎”;並引述了美國國家圖書獎得主、美籍華裔作家哈金表示,這本無價之書展示了劉曉波的興趣、關注和思考的範圍和深度,“幫助我們貼近地了解這位傑出的人。這本書作為一本文獻,承擔了另一種見證,既是個人的也是歷史的”。


美國哥倫比亞大學政治學教授黎安友則表示,這位已故諾貝爾和平獎得主,通過這些由他的友人和仰慕者貢獻的親密回憶和深刻反思活了下來,其中許多人正如同劉曉波,是為中國民主進行長期艱苦奮鬥的英雄。

新聞稿並摘錄文集簡介指出,劉曉波的非暴力活動“曾引領了從天安門廣場到支持西藏及其他地區的全國民主潮流”。他最勇敢的行動或許就是起草「零八憲章」這一“對中國的民主願景,包括自由選舉和結束共產黨的權力壟斷”。

2008年,劉曉波與憲政學者張祖樺等人共同起草「零八憲章」。之後,北京當局以“涉嫌煽動顛覆國家政權罪”刑拘劉曉波,來年批准逮捕,再判其11年重刑。

劉曉波服刑期間, 2010年獲得諾貝爾和平獎,但未能前往領獎;2017年6月因肝癌晚期保外就醫,後於7月13日病逝,令世人唏噓不已。






As a fearless poet and prolific essayist and critic, Liu Xiaobo became one of the most important dissident thinkers in the People’s Republic of China. His nonviolent activism steered the nation’s prodemocracy currents from Tiananmen Square to support for Tibet and beyond. Liu undertook perhaps his bravest act when he helped draft and gather support for Charter 08, a democratic vision for China that included free elections and the end of the Communist Party’s monopoly on power. While imprisoned for “inciting subversion of state power,” Liu won the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize. He was granted medical parole just weeks before dying of cancer in 2017.

The Journey of Liu Xiaobo draws together essays and reflections on the “Nelson Mandela of China.” The Dalai Lama, artist and activist Ai Weiwei, and a distinguished list of leading Chinese writers and intellectuals, including Zhang Zuhua, the main drafter of Charter 08, and Liu Xia, the wife of Liu Xiaobo, and noted China scholars, journalists, and political leaders from around the globe, including Yu Ying-shih, Perry Link, Andrew J. Nathan, Marco Rubio, and Chris Smith illuminate Liu’s journey from his youth and student years, through his indispensable activism, and to his defiant last days. Many of the pieces were written immediately after Liu’s death, adding to the emotions stirred by his loss.

Original and powerful, The Journey of Liu Xiaobo combines memory with insightful analysis to evaluate Liu’s impact on his era, nation, and the cause of human freedom.




紐約通 William Helmreich 1945~2020

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William Helmreich (August 25, 1945 – March 28, 2020) was a professor of sociology at the City College of New York Colin Powell School for Civic and Global Leadership and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York.[1] He was also a published author[2][3] (14 books as of 2013).[4]
The City University of New York website listed Helmreich as "Distinguished Professor"[4] and listed his areas of specialization as "race and ethnic relations, religion, immigration, risk behavior, the sociology of New York City, urban sociology, consumer behavior, and market research."

Works[edit]

Books written by Helmreich include; The Manhattan Nobody Knows (2018), The Brooklyn Nobody Knows (2016), The New York Nobody Knows (2013), What Was I Thinking (2010), The Enduring Community (1998), Against All Odds (1992), Flight Path (1989), The World of the Yeshiva (1982), The things they say behind your back (1982), and The Black Crusaders (1973). He published a sociology work in 1979 titled "Old Wine in New Bottles: Advanced Yeshivot in the United States".[14]


  1.  Berger, Joseph (March 30, 2020). "William Helmreich, Sociologist and a Walker in the City, Dies at 74". The New York Times. Retrieved March 30, 2020.
  2. ^ Sam Roberts (September 6, 2018). "He Walked 721 Miles to Find the Nooks and Crannies of 'The Manhattan Nobody Knows'"The New York Times.
  3. ^ Sturla, Anna. "He walked every block of New York City and died of coronavirus"CNN. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
  4. ^ James H. Lehmann (August 1977). "Wake Up, Wake Up, to Do the Work of the Creator, by William B. Helmreich"Commentary Magazine.
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