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Ronald Dworkin. The Age of Doubt;沒有神的宗教 Religion without God By Ronald Dworkin

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【In Memoriam: Ronald Dworkin】
下周四 (3/17) 謝世民老師要導讀德沃金生前最後鉅著《刺蝟的正義》,為此我們特別轉貼三年前紐約大學紀念德沃金的網頁,它非常扼要地介紹了德沃金的生平與思想。(詳細一點的介紹,特別推薦 https://issuu.com/nyulaw/docs/2005/15,有圖)
經驗顯示,有些朋友點閱英文網頁的意願不高。但我們還是強烈推薦點進去看看。就算看不懂英文,也有很多德沃金的珍貴照片可看──你看過德沃金玩風帆,陪小孩踢球嗎?
(裡面有個2010的專訪,德沃金說有人會誤以為《Jusitce for Hedgehogs》是一本有關動物權的書.....)



Ronald Dworkin, the Frank Henry Sommer Professor of Law, passed away on February 14 after a valiant battle with leukemia.
LAW.NYU.EDU


    Image result for Ronald Dworkin
    Ronald Dworkin
    Philosopher
    Ronald Myles Dworkin, FBA was a Jewish-American philosopher and scholar of United States constitutional law and jurisprudence. Wikipedia
    DiedFebruary 14, 2013, London, United Kingdom
    SpouseBetsy Ross (m. 1958–2000)

A cartoon from Roz Chast. See more from this week's issue:http://nyr.kr/1M5UYIs
不可知論者的禱告。

The New Yorker 的相片。




The Age of Doubt


Melvyn Bragg examines the spread of religious doubt over the last three centuries. Nietzsche proclaimed that God was Dead in 1882, Hegel in fact beat him to it apprising his Berlin students of God’s demise as early as 1827. By the end of the 19th century echoes of the death of God can be heard everywhere: in the revolutionary politics of Lenin, in the poetry of Tennyson and the psychoanalysis of Freud. The march of Science seemed to challenge the authority of the Bible at every turn and by the twentieth century almost all the great writers, artists and intellectuals had abandoned the certainty of their belief in God.So who or what was responsible for this sudden spread of religious doubt? If God could truly be said to be dead then who fired the first shot? Have we educated ourselves out of Christ only to embrace the bleaker creed of Mamon? Is God a human construct or did God construct us? Is there an argument from design, or was the Big Bang morally pointless, without what we could call a mind at all? Did Darwin and natural selection rebut the idea of a divine purpose? With A N Wilson, novelist, biographer, journalist and author of God’s Funeral; Victoria Glendinning, author, journalist and biographer of Anthony Trollope and Jonathan Swift.




Anthony Trollope, by the way, had a sister named Cecilia. She wrote a novel about a man tormented by Anglican angst. It's discussed in this episode of In Our Time about 300 years of religious doubt - Tennyson, Freud, Hegel, Nietzsche, Darwin, Lenin; they're all here. Your experts are A.N. Wilson and Victoria Glendinning. Fascinating - and entertaining - stuff.



With useful links to other programmes on related themes
BBC.IN




2015.5.19 梁先生贈,以後再讀。

沒有神的宗教

Religion without God

什麼是宗教,什麼是神之所在?
  什麼是死亡,而什麼又是不朽?
  究竟是神創造了宇宙?抑或,神就是宇宙?


  面對這樣的大哉問,或許僅能以「只有上帝曉得」(God knows)一語回答,但是當人們這麼回答問題時,是指他們認為該問題無人能回答。意即:假設如果上帝存在(If a god existed),祂就會知道任何人都不知道的事情。這樣的用法並不是針對一個非人格神而發。正相反,這樣的修辭力量皆是仰仗一個虛擬的人格神。

  德沃金認為,對上帝的信仰是一種層次更深的世界觀之展現,但不是唯一的一個,我們熟悉的二分法——把人分為有宗教信仰和沒宗教信仰兩大類——太粗糙了。本書欲闡明的即是:宗教的層次比上帝更深。宗教是一種深入內部、輪廓分明和涵蓋全面的世界觀︰它主張有本具(inherent)而客觀的價值滲透萬物,相信宇宙及其造物引人敬畏,認定人生具有目的而宇宙秩序井然。

  本書靈感源自愛因斯坦對宗教所主張的「不可知論」(Agnostic theism):

  「知道某種我們所不能參透的東西確實存在,知道這種東西把自己展現為最高智慧和最璀燦的美(我們遲鈍的官能只能了解其皮相)——這種知識,這種感覺,位居於一切真正宗教情懷(religiousness)的核心。在這個意義下(也唯有在這個意義下),我屬於有虔誠宗教信仰者之列。」

  作者從哲學、物理學及神學等角度剖析上帝的本質,並透過愛因斯坦、田立克、史賓諾莎等人的宗教和科學觀點來闡釋並佐證,「沒有神的宗教」所為何來。期盼這本小書有助於有神論與無神論兩者進行理性對話,同時化解對宗教的恐懼與仇恨。

作者介紹

作者簡介

羅納德.德沃金Ronald Dworkin


  美國著名法理學家、公共知識份子代表,曾任教於耶魯大學、牛津大學、紐約大學和倫敦大學,為當代新自然法學派代表人物。二○一三年二月十四日因病逝世,英國《衛報》在訃聞中將其與十九世紀世界上最重要的思想家之一斯圖爾特.密爾相提並論。著作包括《認真對待權利》(Taking Rights Seriously)、《法律帝國》(Law`s Empire)、《生命的自主權》(Life’s Dominion)、《民主是可能的嗎?》(Is Democracy Possible Here?)、《刺蝟的正義》(Justice for Hedgehogs)等。

譯者簡介

梁永安


  台灣大學文化人類學學士、哲學碩士,東海大學哲學博士班肄業。目前為專業翻譯者,共完成約近百本譯著,包括《文化與抵抗》(Culture and Resistance / Edward W. Said)、《啟蒙運動》(The Enlightenment / Peter Gay)、《現代主義》(Modernism:The Lure of Heresy / Peter Gay)等。

目錄

出版者識
第一章  宗教性無神論?
緒言
何謂宗教?形而上核心
宗教性科學與宗教性價值
神祕莫測和可理解性
非人格化的上帝:田立克、史賓諾莎和泛神論

第二章  宇宙
物理學與輝煌
美如何能指引科學研究?
這種美可能是什麼樣的美?
對稱是美?
宇宙的存在有可能是毫無道理可言的嗎?
別無選擇性與宇宙
別無選擇性之美

第三章  宗教自由
憲法的挑戰
宗教自由只跟信哪個神或是否信神有關嗎?
失控的自由?
宗教自由的內部衝突
宗教自由的權利只有一種嗎?
新宗教戰爭

第四章    死亡與永生

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